Legacy sections
- 523.1301-1 - Aeroplane Operation After Ground Cold Soak
- 523.1457 - Cockpit Voice Recorders
- 523.1459 - Flight Data Recorders
- 523.1529 - Instructions for Continued Airworthiness
Subchapters
- A (523.2000-523.2010),
- B (523.2100-523.2165),
- C (523.2200-523.2270),
- D (523.2300-523.2335),
- E (523.2400-523.2440),
- F (523.2500-523.2550),
- G (523.2600-523.2620)
Appendices
Preamble
General
The content of this chapter is based on the United States Code of Federal Regulations, Title 14, Chapter 1, Part 23 entitled "Airworthiness Standards, Normal, Utility, Acrobatic and Commuter Category Aeroplanes". These United States airworthiness standards have been used and adapted as the model for the Canadian standards supplemented by additional airworthiness requirements based on Canadian experience and required for Canadian aviation purposes.
The FAR numbering system is used. The Canadian standards bear the same number as the FAR equivalent, prefixed by the number "5", as this chapter contains the standards for Part V of the Canadian Aviation Regulations (CARs).
First Edition
Effective - January 1, 1986
The standards in this chapter are presented in a two column format with the United States FAR in the left column and the Canadian standards in the right column. Chapters, sub-chapters, sections and subsections numbering and headings are opposite to the equivalent FAR. Where the Canadian standard is identical to the FAR, the words "No Variation" appear; where a variation exists, the affected part of text is printed opposite to the FAR with all changes underlined.
The first edition of this chapter is based on FAR Part 23, up to and including amendment 23-31. In addition to administrative changes (e.g., Administrator = Minister; Part = Chapter) and the deletion of references to operating FARs, the Canadian variations included in this edition are as follows:
Miscellaneous Markings and Placards: use of metric units, Section 523.1557 paragraph (c)(4);
Aeroplane Flight Manual: use of metric units paragraph 523.1581(e) and reference to operating rules, paragraph (f);
Editorial correction to Part 23 as follows: Section 523.145, is corrected to refer to 523.161 paragraph (c)(2) in lieu of (c)(3) and (c)(4), and 523.161 paragraph (d)(1) and (d)(2) were deleted.
In addition, the issue of the following applicable Airworthiness Manual Advisories (AMA) are attached to this chapter:
| AMA 500C/1 | Aircraft Equipment Incorporating Digital Computer Technology, dated 1 May 1986. |
|---|---|
| AMA 500C/2 | Multipurpose Electronic Flight Deck Display Systems, dated 1 May 1986. |
| AMA 500C/3 | Fire Protection - Ignition Sources, dated 1 May 1986. |
| AMA 500C/4 | Portable Fire Extinguishers For Use In Aircraft, dated 1 May 1986. |
| AMA 523.1581 | Aeroplane Flight Manual, dated 1 May 1986. |
Change 523-1:
Effective - January 1, 1988
This change incorporates the following amendments to the United States Code of Federal Regulations, Title 14, Chapter 1, Part 23, effective in Canada on the dates specified herein:
Amendment 23-32 "Shoulder Harnesses in Normal, Utility and Acrobatic Category Airplanes" requires the installation of shoulder harnesses at all seats of normal, utility and acrobatic category aeroplanes with a passenger seating configuration, excluding pilot seats, of nine or less, manufactures one year after the effective date of this amendment (which was 12 December 1985 in the U.S.) effective in Canada January 1, 1987.
Amendment 23-33 "Standardization of Cockpit controls for Small Airplanes" revises the airworthiness standards for small aeroplanes to require standardization of aerodynamic, powerplant, fuel systems, and auxiliary cockpit controls. This action to standardize cockpit controls is taken to minimize accidents caused by random location, operation, and arrangement of cockpit controls effective: January 1, 1987
Amendment 23-34 "Airworthiness Standards and Operating Rules: Commuter Category Airplanes" adopts certification procedures, airworthiness and noise standards and operating rules for an additional category of propeller-driven, multi-engine aeroplane, designated as the Commuter Category. In this category adds airworthiness standards for aeroplanes with a maximum seating capacity, excluding pilot seats, of 19 or less, a maximum certificated take-off weight of 19,000 pounds or less, and requires type certification compliance with Annex 8, Part III of the International Civil Aviation Organization, requirements which apply to aeroplanes weighing in excess of 5,700 kilograms (12, 566 pounds), effective August 1, 1987.
Note: Amendment 23-34 changes the title to read, "Airworthiness Standards, Normal, Utility, Acrobatic and Commuter Category Aeroplanes". Page headings reflecting the new title of the chapter will be changed as pages are reprinted.
This change also includes the following Canadian variations:
Section 523.1301-1 Aeroplane Operation After Ground Cold Soak, object of NPA 84-13 dated 14 September 1984. (Commuter Category Aeroplanes only)
The renumbering of paragraph 523.1581(e) and (f) as 523.1581(f) and (g) because of the incorporation of FAR Amendment 23-34.
The publication of the following new or revised advisory material:
| AMA 500C/4A | Portable Fire Extinguishers for Use in Aircraft dated 25 March 1987. |
|---|---|
| AMA 500C/5A | Aircraft Operations After Ground Cold Soak dated 25 March 1987. |
| AMA 523.1581A | Aeroplane Flight Manual dated 23 October 1987. |
Note: Changes will be identified by brackets[ ]; editorial modifications and typographical corrections will not be identified.
Change 523-2:
Effective - January 1, 1989
This change incorporates the following amendments to the United States Code of Federal Regulations, Title 14, Chapter I, Part 23:
Amendment 23-35 "Cockpit Voice Recorders and Flight Data Recorders", which amends flight data recorder and cockpit voice recorder regulations to provide more information to accident investigators. Generally, the requirements and parameters for flight recorders are upgraded to the level of the most sophisticated systems available; the use of digital recording equipment will henceforth become the norm. Additionally, uninterrupted sound recording will be required in cockpit voice recorders.
Amendment 23-36 "Small Aeroplane Airworthiness Review Program", which upgrades the standards for cabin safety and occupant protection during emergency landing conditions. This action is based on the results of research testing, service experience, and a number of issues discussed at the Small Aeroplane Airworthiness Review Conference, held October 22-26, 1984. This amendment is intended to increase small aeroplane occupant protection during emergency landing conditions.
This change also includes:
References to maximum certified take off weight in Section 523.3 changed to 5700 kg.(12,566 lbs) for consistency with international standards published by ICAO; and
The rewriting of the original introduction and forward in the form of a Preamble.
Change 523-3:
Effective - January 2, 1992
This change incorporates the following amendments to the United States Code of Federal Regulations, Title 14, Chapter 1, Part 23:
Amendment 23-37 "Revision of General Operating and Flight Rules" affects U.S. operations only and is not applicable in Canada.
Amendment 23-38 "Airworthiness Standards; Fatigue Requirements" which adopts fatigue requirements for empennage, canard, tandem wing and winglet/tip structures. Service history has shown the need to consider empennage fatigue strength during type certification. Also, due to recent design developments where conventional wing and empennage configurations are being replaced or modified by canard, tandem wing and winglet/tip fin structures, fatigue requirements for these new structures are also included.
Amendment 23-39 "Airworthiness Standards; Commuter Category Aeroplanes" is based on the requirements adopted by FAR amendment 23-34 and specifies take off height and performance airspeeds requirements.
Amendment 23-40 "Fuel Venting and Exhaust Emission Requirements for Turbine Powered Aeroplanes" which requires compliance with the new Part 34. Part 34 consolidates all of the applicable aircraft engine fuel venting and exhaust emission requirements of SFAR 27-5, and the test procedures specified under the U.S. regulations implementing the Clear Air Act of the United States of America. In lieu of Part 34, Transport Canada has adopted the standards of Annex 16 to the Convention on International Civil Aviation, Volume II entitled "Aircraft Engine Emission," First Edition - 1981, published by ICAO. Accordingly sections 523.903 and 523.951 are amended to refer to chapter 516, Second Edition, Subchapter B.
Amendment 23-41 amends the airworthiness standards for equipment, systems and installations, and establishes airworthiness standards for the installation of electronic display instrument systems in normal, utility, acrobatic and commuter category aeroplanes. This amendment resulted from the FAA's Small Aeroplane Airworthiness Review Program Amendment No. 5.
Amendment 23-42 provides airworthiness standards for advancements in technology being incorporated in current designs, permits type certification of spin resistant aeroplanes, and reduces the regulatory burden in showing compliance with some of the requirements for the design and type certification of small aeroplanes. New definitions required as a result of these new and amended airworthiness standards are also included. This amendment resulted from the FAA's Small Airworthiness Review Program Amendment No. 2.
This change also includes:
The rewriting of Section 523.1 to refer to the Air Regulation enabling the type approval of aeronautical products;
The revision of the previous Preambles for clarification and completeness; and
A note in section 523.391 referring to the deletion of Appendix B.
The publication of the following new or revised advisory material:
| AMA 500C/5B | Aircraft Operation After Ground Cold Soak, dated March 2, 1990. |
|---|---|
| AMA 500C/6 | Lightning Protection of Aircraft Fuel Systems, dated Oct. 27, 1989. |
| AMA 500C/8 | Composite Aircraft Structures, dated January 8, 1991. |
| AMA 523/1 | Stalls, Compliance (Commuter Category Aeroplanes), dated January 30, 1990. |
| AMA 523/3 | Turbine Engine Propeller Reversing Systems (Commuter Category Aeroplanes), dated July 12, 1990. |
Change 523-4:
Effective - 1 September 1996
This change incorporates the following amendments to the United States Code of Federal Regulations, Title 14, Chapter 1, Part 23:
Amendment 23-43 "Small Aeroplane Airworthiness Review Program, Amendment No. 3" which amends the powerplant and equipment airworthiness standards for normal, utility, acrobatic and commuter category aeroplanes. This amendment is based on certain proposals and recommendations discussed at the Small Aeroplane Airworthiness Review Conference held on October 22-26, 1984 in St. Louis, Missouri, and arises from the recognition by both government and industry, that upgraded standards are needed to maintain an acceptable level of safety for small aeroplanes. The adoption of this FAA amendment was object of Canadian NPA 93-06.
Amendment 23-44 "Airworthiness Standards, Small Aeroplanes with Stall Speed Greater than 61 knots", which amends the stalling speed requirements applicable to single-engine aeroplanes and to certain multi-engine small aeroplanes of less than 6,000 pounds maximum weight. The rule permits those aeroplanes to have a stall speed greater than 61 knots, provided they meet certain additional occupant protection standards. These amendments are needed to permit the design and type certification of higher performance aeroplanes with increased cruise speeds and better specific fuel consumption. The amendments are intended to achieve the benefits of certificating higher performance aeroplanes while affording their occupants the same level of protection in an emergency landing that is presently provided by aeroplanes with a 61-knot stall speed. The adoption of this FAA amendment was object of Canadian NPA 93-09.
Amendment 23-45 "Small Aeroplanes Airworthiness Review Programs, Amendment No. 4", which changes airframe and flight airworthiness standards for normal, utility, acrobatic and commuter category aeroplanes. The amendments are based on a number of recommendations discussed at the Small Aeroplane Airworthiness Review Conference held on October 22-26, 1984, in St. Louis, Missouri. These updated safety standards will continue to provide an acceptable level of safety in the design requirements for small aeroplanes used in both private and commercial operations. Some of the amendments provide design requirements applicable to advancements in technology being incorporated in current designs. This amendment will also reduce the regulatory burden in showing compliance with some requirements while maintaining an acceptable level of safety. The adoption of this FAA amendment with the exception of section 23.573, was object of Canadian NPA 93-11.
This amendment also includes:
Canadian Variation to section 523.573, paragraph (a)(5) was object of Canadian NPA 94-11 dated 20 August 1994.
FAR section 23.573 "Damage Tolerance and Fatigue Evaluation of Structure" which is introduced as part of Amendment 23-45, and concerns aeroplane designs that make extensive use of composite materials, including bonded joints. This section contains the provisions of the earlier FAA Special Conditions, entitled "Evaluation of Composite Structure" in which a paragraph was devoted to the strength of bonded joints and was intended to ensure that disbonding did not result in a level of strength less than that necessary to carry limit loads.
The Enabling Authority has been replaced by the reference to the Canadian Air Regulations in subsection 523.1(a)
The renumbering of paragraph 523.1581(f) and (g) as 523.1581(g) and (h) because of the incorporation of FAR Amendment 23-45.
The publication of the following advisory material:
| AMA 500C/8A | Composite Aircraft Structure, dated 1 September 1996. |
|---|---|
| AMA 500/9 | Standards For The Design And Installation of Aircraft Skis, dated 1 September 1996. |
| AMA 523/2 | Flight In Icing Conditions - Performance, dated 1 September 1996. |
| AMA 523/4 | Flight In Icing Conditions - Flight Characteristics, dated 1 September 1996. |
| AMA 523/5 | Performance Credit For Use of Power And Propeller Blade Pitch During Accelerate Stop and Landing Ground Roll, dated 1 September 1996. |
The cancellation of AMA 500C/1, Aircraft Equipment Incorporating Digital Computer Technology, 1 May 1986, which is replaced by FAA AC 20-115B.
Second Edition
Change 523-5:
Published - March 1, 2002
-
1. General
This change introduces a new format such that Canadian standards in this chapter are now presented in a full-page format. Canadian variations from the FARs are underlined with the FAR text following in bold and italicized characters. The change number and date of affected pages has been removed from the bottom of the page. Instead, affected sections will be followed by change numbers as well as previous change numbers with applicable dates.
With the incorporation of this change, the entire chapter, including all the associated advisory material (AMAs), is republished in a Second Edition.
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2. FAR Amendments
This change incorporates the technical standards contained in the following amendments to the United States Code of Federal Regulations, Title 14, Chapter 1, Part 23, for which Notices of Proposed Amendments (NPAs) were issued to solicit industry comments.
These NPAs were issued under the simplified procedure for the amendment of the design standards of the Airworthiness Manual and under the usual CARAC consultation process as detailed in the CARAC Management Charter and Procedures. All NPAs are noted in the following FAR amendment description.
FAR Amendment 23-46:
Effective - 30 June 1997
This Amendment entitled "Airworthiness Standards; Emergency Exit Provisions For Normal, Utility, Aerobatic, and Commuter Category Aeroplanes", adds requirements for ditching and flight crew emergency exits for these aeroplane categories, and provides alternative emergency exit requirements for commuter category aeroplanes that are consistent with the requirements for similarly sized small transport aeroplanes. (NPA 97-168)
FAR Amendment 23-47
Information Note:
Amendment 23-47, "Revision of Authority Citations" adopts new authority citation for Title 14 of the United States Code of Federal Regulations. It does not apply in Canada.
FAR Amendment 23-48:
Effective - 30 June 1997
This Amendment entitled"Airworthiness Standards; Airframe rules Based on European Joint Aviation Requirements", amends the airframe airworthiness standards as part of the effort to harmonize the FAR and JAR on aeroplane certification in the normal, utility, aerobatic, and commuter categories. (NPA 97-168).
With the adoption of this FAR Amendment, the Canadian variation 523.573(a)(5) is cancelled (see also CARAC Working Group 523-525 recommendations).
FAR Amendment 23-49:
Effective - 30 June 1997
This Amendment entitled "Airworthiness Standards; Systems and Equipment Rules Based on European Joint Aviation Requirements", amends the systems and equipment airworthiness standards as part of the effort to harmonize the FAR and JAR on aeroplane certification in the normal, utility, aerobatic, and commuter categories. (NPA 97-168)
FAR Amendment 23-50:
Effective - 30 June 1997
This Amendment entitled "Airworthiness Standards; Flight Rules Based on European Joint Aviation Requirements", amends the flight airworthiness standards as part of the effort to harmonize the FAR and JAR on aeroplane certification in the normal, utility, aerobatic, and commuter categories. (Amendment 1-43, issued concurrent with Amendment 23-50, adds a new definition of "Maximum speed for stability characteristics, VFC/MFC". This amendment will be adopted in the proposed Airworthiness Manual Chapter 500). (NPA 97-168)
FAR Amendment 23-51:
Effective - 30 June 1997
This Amendment entitled "Airworthiness Standards; Powerplant Rules Based on European Joint Aviation Requirements", amends the powerplant airworthiness standards as part of the effort to harmonize the FAR and JAR on aeroplane certification in the normal, utility, aerobatic, and commuter categories. (NPA 97-168)
FAR Amendment 23-52:
Effective - 30 June 1997
This Amendment entitled"Powerplant Instruments; Fuel Pressure Indication", amends the certification requirement for fuel pressure indicators on pump-fed engines of normal, utility, aerobatic, and commuter category aeroplanes to permit regulatory alternatives to fuel pressure indicators to warn pilots of fuel system problems. (NPA 97-168)
FAR Amendment 23-53:
Effective - 29 October 1998
This Amendment entitled "Airworthiness Standards: Rain and Hail Ingestion Standards", establishes revisions to the Federal Aviation Administration's certification standards for rain and hail ingestion for aircraft turbine engines. This amendment addresses engine power-loss and instability phenomena attributed to operation in extreme rain or hail that are not adequately addressed by current requirements. This amendment also generally harmonizes these standards with rain and hail ingestion standards being amended by the Joint Aviation Authorities (JAA).
FAR Amendment 23-54:
Effective - 5 March 2001
This change revises the bird ingestion type certification standards for aircraft turbine engines to better address the actual bird threat encountered in service. This amendment also establishes nearly uniform bird ingestion standards for aircraft turbine engines certified by the United States under FAA standards and by the Joint Aviation Authorities (JAA) countries under JAA standards, thereby simplifying airworthiness approval for import and export. The adoption of this final rule harmonizes Canadian standards with FARs and JARs. (NPA 2000-263)
These amendments establish nearly uniform standards for engines certified in the United States under 14 CFR part 33 and in the JAA countries under Joint Airworthiness Requirements-Engines (JAR-E), thereby simplifying the certification of engine designs by the FAA and the JAA. (NPA 98-159)
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3. CARAC Working Group
This amendment also implements the recommendations of CARAC Working Group 523-525.
In 1996 the integration of the existing Design Standards of this Manual into the new Canadian Aviation Regulations (CARs), Part V was delayed as a result of a request by Canadian aviation industry to review these standards, in particular the Canadian variations, and all associated Canadian advisory material (AMAs) for their accuracy and appropriateness.
Due to the time frame for CARs implementation, the CARAC Airworthiness Technical Committee V formed several Working Groups made up of industry and Transport Canada specialists to review those variations, AMAs and any applicable Special Conditions and make recommendations to the Committee for their disposition.
The final report of the 523/525 Working Group was completed in June 1997 and all its recommendations were accepted by the CARAC Technical Committee V. With the publication of this Change to Chapter 523, Transport Canada Civil Aviation, Aircraft Certification Branch, starts the implementation of those recommendations.
Therefore, this change includes:
-
(a) The cancellation of Canadian variation 523.573 (a)(5), which is superseded by the adoption of FAR Amendment 23-48, effective 30 June 1997. The related AMA 500C/8A was revised to ensure consistency in interpretation and application of the requirements related to bonded joints. (NPA 2000-93)
-
(b) The cancellation of Canadian variations:
523.1581(g) and (h) effective on the date of publication of this change. (NPAs 2000-94 and 2001-012)
-
(c) The publication of the following new or revised advisory material:
AMA 523/1A Stalls, Compliance, dated 8 November 1999. AMA 523/2A Flight In Icing Conditions - Performance, dated 29 October 1999. AMA 523/3A Turbine Engine Propeller Reversing Systems (Commuter Category Aeroplanes), dated 28 August 2001 AMA 523/4A Flight In Icing Conditions - Flight Characteristics, dated 29 October 1999. AMA 523/5A Performance Credit For Use Of Power And Propeller Blade Pitch During Accelerate Stop And Landing Ground Roll, dated 30 June 1999. AMA 523/6 Glider and Banner Towing, dated 27 March 2001. AMA 523.1581/B Aeroplane Flight Manual, dated 29 October 1999. AMA 500/8B Composite Aircraft Structure, dated 8 November 1999. AMA 500/9A Standards For The Design And Installation of Aircraft Skis, dated 29 October 1999. AMA 500/10 Restricted Category Certification of Small Aeroplanes and Helicopters for Special Purpose Operations, dated 23 August 2001. AMA 500/11 Airworthiness Standards For The Design Of Aircraft Floats, dated 2 February 1998. AMA 500/12 Carriage of Bulk Liquids in Aircraft, dated 7 April 2000. -
(d) The cancellation of the following advisory material:
AMA 500C/2 Multipurpose Electronic Flight Deck Display System, dated 1 May 1986. AMA 500C/4A Portable Fire Extinguishers for Use in Aircraft, dated 25 March 1987.
-
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4. Miscellaneous Changes
This change also includes editorial corrections, including the update of cross references to CARs (e.g. 523.1).
Due to the consolidation of all regulatory requirements previously found in the Air Regulations and Air Navigation Orders into the new Canadian Aviation Regulations, administrative changes are included in this amendment to update the regulatory references and terminology (e.g. Type Certificate instead of Type Approval).
Change 523-6:
Effective - December 1, 2004
In an effort to harmonize our regulatory guidance documents with those of other international aviation authorities and other branches within Transport Canada Civil Aviation (TCCA), the Aircraft Certification Branch has decided to replace existing Airworthiness Manual Advisories (AMA) related to certification of aeronautical products with new Advisory Circulars (AC). While the content of the new ACs will remain technically the same as the corresponding AMAs, which they will replace, the format of the ACs will be standardized to conform to other guidance documents published within the branch.
This change in guidance documentation becomes effective 1 December 2004 at which time the AMAs will be cancelled and replaced by their corresponding Advisory Circular concurrent with the next publishing of the Canadian Aviation Regulations (CAR). After this time, the CARAC Secretariat will no longer publish these AMAs and, consequently, ACs will not be published with their corresponding AWM Chapter. As of the 1 December 2004 issue of the CARs, any affected AMA references and content will have been removed. However, the AMA Index found in AMA 500/00 will, for now, continue to exist to provide a cross-reference between the old AMAs and the new ACs.
Change 523-7:
Published - December 30, 2006
This change incorporates the following amendments to the United States Code of Federal Regulations, Title 14, Chapter I, Part 23:
Correction to FAR Amendment 23-54:
Effective - June 8, 2004
| Table of Change Information | |
|---|---|
| Notice of Proposed Amendment | Amended Section(s) |
|
|
Proposed adoption by reference of FAA correction to FAR Amendment No. 23-54. FAR Amendment No. 23-54 had originally been adopted with NPA 2000-263 and published at Change 523-5 of Airworthiness Manual Chapter 523. As published, the standards contain errors that may prove to be misleading and need to be clarified. Specifically, subparagraph (a)(2)(i) of section 523.903 is changed to read as follows:
-
"(i) Sections 533.76, 533.77 and 533.78 of this manual in effect on 5 March, 2001, or as subsequently amended; or..."
Correction to FAR Amendment 23-50:
Effective - June 3, 2005
| Table of Change Information | |
|---|---|
| Notice of Proposed Amendment | Amended Section(s) |
|
|
Proposed adoption by reference of forthcoming FAA correction to 14 CFR Part 23, Sections 23.49 and 23.201, paragraph (c) and incorporation in Chapter 523 of the Airworthiness Manual.
The printed version of the US Code of Federal Regulations, 14 CFR Part 23, Section 23.49 and the printed and electronic version of Section 23.201 contain editorial errors.
The title of Section 23.49 reads:
"Stalling period" instead of "Stalling speed", and the text of Section 23.201 paragraph (c) refers to "minimum steady slight speed" instead of "minimum steady flight speed". The FAA informed Transport Canada that the two editorial errors would be corrected during the next revision of the regulations without going through the NPRM process.
Change 523-8:
Published - December 30, 2008
This change incorporates the following amendment to the United States Code of Federal Regulations, Title 14, Chapter I, Part 23:
Information Note:
Amendment 23-55, which was for a revision to the U.S. authority citation, is not applicable in Canada and is not adopted. There is presently no Amendment 23-56 as this number was skipped in the U.S. 14 CFR part 23.
FAR Amendment 23-57:
Effective - October 30, 2008
| Table of Change Information | |
|---|---|
| Notice of Proposed Amendment | Amended Section(s) |
|
|
This amendment entitled "High-Intensity Radiated Fields (HIRF) Protection for Aircraft Electrical and Electronic Systems" revises the airworthiness standards for Normal, Utility, Aerobatic and Commuter Category Aeroplanes. This action is necessary due to the vulnerability of aircraft electrical and electronic systems and the increasing use of high-power radio frequency transmitters. It is intended to create a safer operating environment for civil aviation by protecting aircraft and their electrical and electronic systems from the adverse effects of HIRF.
Change 523-9:
Published - June 30, 2009
This change incorporates the following amendment to the United States Code of Federal Regulations, Title 14, Chapter I, Part 23:
FAR Amendment 23-58:
Effective - May 11, 2009
| Table of Change Information | |
|---|---|
| Notice of Proposed Amendment | Amended Section(s) |
|
|
This amendment amends cockpit voice recorder (CVR) and digital flight data recorder (DFDR) design standards. This amendment increases the duration of certain CVR recordings, requires physical separation of the DFDR and CVR, improves the reliability of the power supplies to both the CVR and DFDR, and requires that certain datalink communications received on an aircraft be recorded if datalink communication equipment is installed. This amendment is based on recommendations issued by the National Transportation Safety Board following its investigations of several accidents and incidents. These changes to CVR and DFDR systems are intended to improve the quality and quantity of information recorded, and increase the potential for retaining important information needed for accident and incident investigations.
Change 523-10:
Published - December 1, 2009
On December 1, 2009, Part V Subpart 21 of the Canadian Aviation Regulations (CAR 521) came into force. CAR 521 replaces the following Regulations in Part V - Airworthiness:
Subpart 11 - Approval of the Type Design of an Aeronautical Product
Subpart 13 - Approval of Modification and Repair Designs
Subpart 16 - Aircraft Emissions
Subpart 22 - Gliders and Powered Gliders
Subpart 23 - Normal, Utility, Aerobatic and Commuter Category Aeroplanes
Subpart 25 - Transport Category Aeroplanes
Subpart 27 - Normal Category Rotorcraft
Subpart 29 - Transport Category Rotorcraft
Subpart 31 - Manned Free Balloons
Subpart 33 - Aircraft Engines
Subpart 35 - Aircraft Propellers
Subpart 37 - Aircraft Appliances and Other Aeronautical Products
Subpart 41 - Airships
Subpart 51 - Aircraft Equipment
Subpart 91 - Service Difficulty Reporting
Subpart 93 - Airworthiness Directives
In addition, with publication of CAR 521, the following Chapters of the Airworthiness Manual have been withdrawn:
Chapter 511 - Approval of the Type Design of an Aeronautical Product
Chapter 513 - Approval of Modification and Repair Designs
Standard 591 - Service Difficulty Reporting
Standard 593 - Airworthiness Directives
This change amends section 523.1 to reflect changes in legal drafting style, in terminology and in references required because of the introduction of CAR 521. In addition, subsection 521.31(1) of the CARs is now used to legally enable this Chapter of the AWM.
Change 523-11:
Published - June 1, 2010
This Change incorporates the following amendments to the United States Code of Federal Regulations, Title 14, Chapter I, Part 23:
FAR Amendment 23-48:
Effective - January 29, 2010
| Table of Change Information | |
|---|---|
| Notice of Proposed Amendment | Amended Section(s) |
|
|
This amendment corrects a paragraph reference in 523.573(b), which was introduced into Chapter 523 with NPA 97-168 (adopting FAR Amdt. 23-48), effective 30 June 1997 and as published in Change 523-5. In FAR Amdt. 23-48, a paragraph reference was inadvertently changed. This amendment incorporates the FAA technical amendment published in the Federal Register [73 FR 19746, Apr. 11, 2008], correcting the error to ensure the requirement is clear and accurate.
FAR Amendment 23-59:
Effective - January 29, 2010
| Table of Change Information | |
|---|---|
| Notice of Proposed Amendment | Amended Section(s) |
|
|
This amendment entitled "Airworthiness Standards; Propellers" addressed advances in propeller technology of the past twenty years and not previously adequately addressed in the standards. The new standards address these advances in technology and harmonize Transport Canada Civil Aviation (TCCA), Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) and European Aviation Safety Agency (EASA) propeller certification requirements, thereby simplifying airworthiness approvals for imports and exports. This amendment modifies 523.905(d) and 523.907(a) and (b) and add paragraph 523.907(c).
Change 523-12:
Published - December 1, 2010
The purpose of this Change is to make a correction to the wording in 523.777(h)(1)(i) of the Airworthiness Manual. There originally was and currently is no intent to have a difference recorded against the FAR Sec. 23.777. Accordingly, this amendment introduces a correction to AWM 523.777(h)(1)(i) in the English version only.
Correction to 523.777(h)(1)(i) Cockpit Controls:
Effective - May 27, 2010
| Table of Change Information | |
|---|---|
| Notice of Proposed Amendment | Amended Section(s) |
|
|
The paragraph under the title of "Cockpit Controls" shows the word "detonate", which was incorrectly introduced at Change 523-5. This Change corrects the word to "detent" in the English version only of the AWM.
Change 523-13:
Published - December 1, 2010
This Change incorporates the following amendment to the United States Code of Federal Regulations, Title 14, Chapter I, Part 23.
Correction to 523.961 Fuel System:
Effective - May 27, 2010
| Table of Change Information | |
|---|---|
| Notice of Proposed Amendment | Amended Section(s) |
|
|
The purpose of this proposal is to harmonize the Airworthiness Manual section 523.961 with FAR Part 23 corrected 23.961.
FAR Amendment No. 23-43 was published in the US Federal Register, Vol. 58, No. 67, dated April 9, 1993 with an effective date of May 10, 1993. However, prior to its effectivity, the FAA promulgated a correction in 58 FR 27060 on May 6, 1993, which corrected the "100º F" to instead read "110º F" at section 23.961.
TCCA did not make note of the promulgated correction and issued NPA 93-06 to adopt Amendment No. 23-43 (uncorrected) that became effective in the Airworthiness Manual on September 1, 1996.
Change 523-14:
Published - July 31, 2014
This Change incorporates the following amendment to the United States Code of Federal Regulations, Title 14, Chapter I, Part 23:
FAR Amendment 23-61:
Effective - December 8, 2013
| Table of Change Information | |
|---|---|
| Notice of Proposed Amendment | Amended Section(s) |
|
|
This amendment establishes two levels of lightning protection for aeroplane systems based on consequences of system function failure: catastrophic consequences which would prevent continued safe flight and landing; and hazardous or major consequences which would reduce the capability of the aircraft or the ability of the flight crew members to respond to an adverse operating condition. This standard also establishes lightning protection for aeroplane systems according to the aircraft's potential for lightning exposure.
Existing airworthiness standards for the lightning protection of electrical and electronic systems installed on aircraft certified under AWM Chapters 523, 527 and 529 require the type certification applicant only to "consider" the effects of lightning. Unlike system lightning protection airworthiness standards for transport category aeroplanes, these airworthiness standards have not been significantly amended since they were first established, and do not reflect current advances in technology.
Change 523-15:
Published - June 30, 2015
This Change incorporates the following amendments to the United States Code of Federal Regulations, Title 14, Chapter I, Part 23:
Correction to FAR Amendment 23-48:
Effective - December 1, 2014
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The correction is required in the French version only.
The requirements of Federal Aviation Regulation (FAR) Amendment 23-48 published in the Federal Register, Volume 61, on February 9, 1996, were incorporated at change 523-5 in Chapter 523 of the Airworthiness Manual (AWM) by NPA 97-168 issued March 13, 1997.
This amendment revises the design standards of the French version of paragraph 523.725(b) of AWM Chapter 523 Normal, Utility, Aerobatic and Commuter Category Aeroplanes. The formula contained in paragraph 523.725(b) requires square brackets to be inserted.
Correction to FAR Amendment 23-48:
Effective - December 1, 2014
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There is an error in the English version only.
This amendment revises the design standards of Chapter 523 of the Airworthiness Manual (AWM), paragraph 523.725(e).
Amendment 23-48 to Part 23 of Title 14 of the U.S. Code of Federal Regulations (14 CFR) was published in the Federal Register (February 9, 1996, Volume 61) by the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA). This amendment was incorporated into AWM Chapter 523 at Change 523-5 by NPA 97-168, issued March 13, 1997.
When Change 523-5 was published, an error was introduced along with the change. This amendment addresses that error.
Correction to FAR Amendment 23-36:
Effective - December 1, 2014
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There is an error in the English version only.
This amendment revises the design standards of Chapter 523 of the Airworthiness Manual (AWM), paragraph 523.785(m).
Amendment 23-36 to Part 23 of Title 14 of the U.S. Code of Federal Regulations (14 CFR) was published in the Federal Register (August 15, 1988, Volume 53, Number 157) by the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA). This amendment was incorporated into AWM Chapter 523 at Change 523-2, effective January 1, 1989.
When Change 523-2 was published, an error was introduced along with the change. This amendment addresses that error.
Correction to FAR Amendment 23-58:
Effective - December 1, 2014
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This amendment revises the design standards of Chapter 523 of the Airworthiness Manual (AWM) by incorporating the Correction to Amendment 23-58, which was published in the U.S. Federal Register, Vol. 74, No. 130 on July 9, 2009.
The FAA's Amendment 23-58 was published in the U.S. Federal Register, Vol. 73, No. 46 on March 7, 2008 with an effective date of April 7, 2008. Amendment 23-58 was adopted into AWM Chapter 523 through NPA 2008-065, and was published as part of Change 523-9 on June 30, 2009. Following publication of Amendment 23-58, the FAA determined that it had introduced some unintended consequences. The FAA issued the Correction to Amendment 23-58 in order to address those. The content of that correction is the subject of this amendment.
This amendment modifies design standard AWM 523.1457 by separating the two requirements in paragraph (d)(1) of each section into two subparagraphs, and modifies design standard AWM 523.1459 by separating the two requirements in paragraph (a)(3) of each section into two subparagraphs, as proposed herein.
Change 523-16
Published: December 1, 2016
This Change incorporates the following amendment to the United States Code of Federal Regulations, Title 14, Chapter I, Part 23:
FAR Amendment 23-62
Effective: August 4, 2016
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This amendment revises the design standards of Chapter 523 of the Airworthiness Manual (AWM) through the CARAC Simplified Process to incorporate the requirements of Title 14, Code of Federal Regulations (14 CFR) Part 23, amendment 23-62, as published in the Federal Register, Volume 76, No. 232, December 2, 2011.
This amendment enhances safety by amending the applicable standards for Chapter 523 turbofan- and turbojet-powered aeroplanes, hereinafter referred to as "jets", as well as turbo propeller-driven and reciprocating-engine aeroplanes, to reflect the current needs of industry, accommodate future trends, address emerging technologies, and provide for future aircraft operations.
The effect of the changes will enhance safety by: specifying additional battery endurance requirements; increasing the climb gradient performance for certain Chapter 523 aeroplanes; standardizing and simplifying the certification of turbofan- and turbojet-powered aeroplanes; clarifying areas of frequent non-standardization and misinterpretation, particularly for electronic equipment and system certification; and codifying existing certification requirements in special conditions for jets that incorporate new technologies.
This Change incorporates the following amendment to the United States Code of Federal Regulations, Title 14, Chapter I, Part 23:
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This amendment entitled Pilot Compartment View amends the design standards in this Chapter by incorporating the requirements of amendment 23-63 to Federal Aviation Regulations (FAR), Part 23, as published in the Federal Register, Volume 81, No. 239, on December 13, 2016.
This amendment revises the airworthiness standards for pilot compartment view by adding requirements for vision systems using a transparent display surface located in the pilot’s outside field of view, such as a head-up display, head mounted display, or other equivalent display. Prior to this amendment, there was no airworthiness standards for the use of such systems, including Enhanced Flight Vision Systems (EFVS).
In addition, in the French version only, the title of section 23.773 is slightly modified in order to make it less ambiguous.
This Change incorporates the following amendment to the United States Code of Federal Regulations, Title 14 (14 CFR), Chapter I, Part 23:
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This amendment entitled “Revision of Airworthiness Standards for Normal, Utility, Acrobatic, and Commuter Category Airplanes” amends the design standards in this Chapter by incorporating the requirements of amendment 23-64 to the Federal Aviation Regulations, Part 23, as published in the Federal Register, Volume 81, No. 251, on December 30, 2016.
This amendment replaces current prescriptive design requirements with performance-based airworthiness standards. These standards also replace the current weight and propulsion divisions with performance- and risk-based divisions for aeroplanes with a maximum seating capacity of 19 passenger and a maximum takeoff weight of 19,000 pounds. These airworthiness standards are based on, and will maintain, the level of safety of the current Chapter 523, except for areas addressing loss of control and icing, for which the safety level has been increased. Through this amendment Transport Canada adopts additional airworthiness standards for flight in icing conditions, enhanced stall characteristics, and minimum control speed to prevent departure from controlled flight for multiengine aeroplanes.
This Change incorporates the following amendments to the United States Code of Federal Regulations, Title 14, Chapter I, Part 23:
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This amendment entitled Miscellaneous Amendments amends the design standards of Chapter 523 of the Airworthiness Manual (AWM) by incorporating the requirements of Federal Aviation Regulation (FAR), Part 23, as published in the U.S. Federal Register Vol. 87 No. 236, (87 FR 75704) on December 09, 2022 and corrected by Final Rule, Correction, as published on January 18, 2023 (88 FR 2813).
This amendment revises the airworthiness standards with administrative amendments containing corrections to address typographical errors, editorial errors, and outdated or incorrect references.