Airworthiness Chapter 525 - Transport Category Aeroplanes - Canadian Aviation Regulations (CARs)

See also CAR 525

Table of contents

  • Preamble
  • Subchapter A - General
    • 525.1 - Applicability
    • 525.2 - Special Retroactive Requirements
    • 525.3 - Special Provisions for Extended Operations (ETOPS) Type Design Approvals
  • Subchapter B - Flight - General
    • 525.21 - Proof of Compliance
    • 525.23 - Load Distribution Limits
    • 525.25 - Weight Limits
    • 525.27 - Centre of Gravity Limits
    • 525.29 - Empty Weight and Corresponding Centre of Gravity
    • 525.31 - Removable Ballast
    • 525.33 - Propeller Speed and Pitch Limits
  • Performance
  • Controllability And Manoeuvrability
  • Trim
  • Stability
    • 525.171 - General
    • 525.173 - Static Longitudinal Stability
    • 525.175 - Demonstration of Static Longitudinal Stability
    • 525.177 - Static Lateral-Directional Stability
    • 525.181 - Dynamic Stability
  • Stalls
  • Ground And Water Handling Characteristics
    • 525.231 - Longitudinal Stability and Control
    • 525.233 - Directional Stability and Control
    • 525.235 - Taxiing Condition
    • 525.237 - Wind Velocities
    • 525.239 - Spray Characteristics, Control, and Stability on Water
  • Miscellaneous Flight Requirements
    • 525.251 - Vibration and Buffeting
    • 525.253 - High-Speed Characteristics
    • 525.255 - Out-of-Trim Characteristics
  • Subchapter C - Structure - General
  • Flight Loads
  • Flight Manoeuvre And Gust Conditions
    • 525.331 - [Symmetric Manoeuvring Conditions]
    • 525.333 - [Flight Manoeuvring Envelope]
    • 525.335 - Design Airspeeds
    • 525.337 - Limit Manoeuvring Load Factors
    • 525.341 - [Gust and Turbulence Loads]
    • 525.343 - Design Fuel and Oil Loads
    • 525.345 - High Lift Devices
    • 525.349 - Rolling Conditions
    • 525.351 - [Yaw Manoeuvre Conditions]
    • 525.353 - Rudder Control Reversal Conditions
  • Supplementary Conditions
    • 525.361 - Engine and Auxiliary Power Unit Torque
    • 525.362 - Engine Failure Loads
    • 525.363 - [Side Load on Engine and Auxiliary Power Unit Mounts]
    • 525.365 - Pressurised Compartment Loads
    • 525.367 - Unsymmetrical Loads Due to Engine Failure
    • 525.371 - Gyroscopic Loads
    • 525.373 - Speed Control Devices
  • Control Surface And System Loads
  • Ground Loads
  • Water Loads
    • 525.521 - General
    • 525.523 - Design Weights and Centre of Gravity Positions
    • 525.525 - Application of Loads
    • 525.527 - Hull and Main Float Load Factors
    • 525.529 - Hull and Main Float Landing Conditions
    • 525.531 - Hull and Main Float Take-off Conditions
    • 525.533 - Hull and Main Float Bottom Pressures
    • 525.535 - Auxiliary Float Loads
    • 525.537 - Sea-wing Loads
  • Emergency Landing Conditions
    • 525.561 - General
    • 525.562 - Emergency Landing Dynamic Conditions
    • 525.563 - Structural Ditching Provisions
  • Fatigue Evaluation
    • 525.571 - Damage-tolerance and Fatigue Evaluation of Structure
    • 525.573 - (Reserved)
  • Lightning Protection
  • Subchapter D - Design And Construction
  • Control Surfaces
  • Control Systems
  • Landing Gear
  • Floats And Hulls
  • Personnel And Cargo Accommodations
    • 525.771 - Pilot Compartment
    • 525.772 - Pilot Compartment Doors
    • 525.773 - Pilot Compartment View
    • 525.775 - Windshields and Windows
    • 525.777 - Cockpit Controls
    • 525.779 - Motion and Effect of Cockpit Controls
    • 525.781 - Cockpit Control Knob Shape
    • 525.783 - Fuselage Doors
    • 525.785 - Seats, Berths, Safety Belts, and Harnesses
    • 525.787 - Stowage Compartments
    • 525.789 - Retention of Items of Mass in Passenger and Crew Compartments and Galleys
    • 525.791 - Passenger Information Signs and Placards
    • 525.793 - Floor Surfaces
    • 525.794 - Reserved
    • 525.795 - Security Considerations
  • Emergency Provisions
  • Ventilation And Heating
  • Pressurisation
  • Fire Protection
    • 525.851 - Fire Extinguishers
    • 525.853 - Compartment Interiors
    • 525.854 - Lavatory Fire Protection
    • 525.855 - Cargo and Baggage Compartments
    • 525.856 - Thermal/Acoustic Insulation Materials
    • 525.857 - Cargo Compartment Classification
    • 525.858 - [Cargo or Baggage Compartment Smoke or Fire Detection Systems]
    • 525.859 - Combustion Heater Fire Protection
    • 525.863 - Flammable Fluid Fire Protection
    • 525.865 - Fire Protection of Flight Controls, Engine Mounts, and Other Flight Structure
    • 525.867 - Fire Protection: Other Components
    • 525.869 - Fire Protection: Systems
  • Miscellaneous
    • 525.871 - Levelling Means
    • 525.875 - Reinforcement Near Propellers
    • 525.899 - Electrical Bonding and Protection Against Static Electricity
  • Subchapter E - Powerplant
    • 525.901 - Installation
    • 525.903 - Engines
    • 525.904 - Automatic Take-off Thrust Control System (ATTCS)
    • 525.905 - Propellers
    • 525.907 - Propeller Vibration and Fatigue
    • 525.925 - Propeller Clearance
    • 525.929 - Propeller De-icing
    • 525.933 - Reversing Systems
    • 525.934 - Turbojet Engine Thrust Reverser System Tests
    • 525.937 - Turbopropeller-drag Limiting Systems
    • 525.939 - Turbine Engine Operating Characteristics
    • 525.941 - Inlet, Engine, and Exhaust Compatibility
    • 525.943 - Negative Acceleration
    • 525.945 - Thrust or Power Augmentation System
  • Fuel System
  • Fuel System Components
  • Oil System
  • Cooling
  • Induction System
    • 525.1091 - Air Induction
    • 525.1093 - Induction System De-icing and Anti-icing Provisions
    • 525.1101 - Carburettor Air Preheater Design
    • 525.1103 - Induction System Ducts and Air Duct Systems
    • 525.1105 - Induction System Screens
    • 525.1107 - Inter-coolers and After-coolers
  • Exhaust System
  • Powerplant Controls And Accessories
  • Powerplant Fire Protection
    • 525.1181 - Designated Fire Zones; Regions Included
    • 525.1182 - Nacelle Areas Behind Firewalls, and Engine Pod Attaching Structures Containing Flammable Fluid Lines
    • 525.1183 - Flammable Fluid-Carrying Components
    • 525.1185 - Flammable Fluids
    • 525.1187 - Drainage and Ventilation of Fire Zones
    • 525.1189 - Shut-off Means
    • 525.1191 - Firewalls
    • 525.1192 - Engine Accessory Section Diaphragm
    • 525.1193 - Cowling and Nacelle Skin
    • 525.1195 - Fire Extinguishing Systems
    • 525.1197 - Fire Extinguishing Agents
    • 525.1199 - Extinguishing Agent Containers
    • 525.1201 - Fire Extinguishing System Materials
    • 525.1203 - Fire Detector System
    • 525.1207 - Compliance
  • Subchapter F - Equipment
    • 525.1301 - Function and Installation
    • 525.1301-1 - Aeroplane Operations After Ground Cold Soak
    • 525.1302 - Installed Systems and Equipment for Use by Flight Crew Members
    • 525.1303 - Flight and Navigation Instruments
    • 525.1305 - Powerplant Instruments
    • 525.1307 - Miscellaneous Equipment
    • 525.1309 - Equipment, Systems, and Installations
    • 525.1310 - Power Source Capacity and Distribution
    • 525.1316 - Electrical and Electronic System Lightning Protection
    • 525.1317 - High-intensity Radiated Fields (HIRF) Protection
  • Instruments: Installation
  • Electrical Systems And Equipment
  • Lights
    • 525.1381 - Instrument Lights
    • 525.1383 - Landing Lights
    • 525.1385 - Position Light System Installation
    • 525.1387 - Position Light System Dihedral Angles
    • 525.1389 - Position Light Distribution and Intensities
    • 525.1391 - Minimum Intensities in the Horizontal Plane of Forward and Rear Position Lights
    • 525.1393 - Minimum Intensities in Any Vertical Plane of Forward and Rear Position Lights
    • 525.1395 - Maximum Intensities in Overlapping Beams of Forward and Rear Position Lights
    • 525.1397 - Colour Specifications
    • 525.1399 - Riding Light
    • 525.1401 - Anticollision Light System
    • 525.1403 - Wing Icing Detection Lights
  • Safety Equipment
  • Miscellaneous Equipment
    • 525.1431 - Electronic Equipment
    • 525.1433 - Vacuum Systems
    • 525.1435 - Hydraulic Systems
    • 525.1438 - Pressurisation and Pneumatic Systems
    • 525.1439 - Protective Breathing Equipment
    • 525.1441 - Oxygen Equipment and Supply
    • 525.1443 - Minimum Mass Flow of Supplemental Oxygen
    • 525.1445 - Equipment Standards for the Oxygen Distributing System
    • 525.1447 - Equipment Standards for Oxygen Dispensing Units
    • 525.1449 - Means for Determining Use of Oxygen
    • 525.1450 - Chemical Oxygen Generators
    • 525.1451 - (Removed)
    • 525.1453 - Protection of Oxygen Equipment from Rupture
    • 525.1455 - Draining of Fluids Subject to Freezing
    • 525.1457 - Cockpit Voice Recorders
    • 525.1459 - Flight Data Recorders
    • 525.1461 - Equipment Containing High Energy Rotors
  • Subchapter G - Operating Limitations And Information
  • Operating Limitations
  • Markings And Placards
  • Aeroplane Flight Manual
  • Subchapter H - Electrical Wiring Interconnection Systems (EWIS)
    • 525.1701 - Definition
    • 525.1703 - Function and Installation: EWIS
    • 525.1705 - Systems and Functions: EWIS
    • 525.1707 - System Separation: EWIS
    • 525.1709 - System Safety: EWIS
    • 525.1711 - Component Identification: EWIS
    • 525.1713 - Fire Protection: EWIS
    • 525.1715 - Electrical Bonding and Protection Against Static Electricity: EWIS
    • 525.1717 - Circuit Protective Devices: EWIS
    • 525.1719 - Accessibility Provisions: EWIS
    • 525.1721 - Protection of EWIS
    • 525.1723 - Flammable Fluid Fire Protection: EWIS
    • 525.1725 - Powerplants: EWIS
    • 525.1727 - Flammable Fluid Shutoff Means: EWIS
    • 525.1729 - Instructions for Continued Airworthiness: EWIS
    • 525.1731 - Powerplant and APU Fire Detector System: EWIS
    • 525.1733 - Fire Detection Systems, General: EWIS
  • Appendix A
  • Appendix B
  • Appendix C
  • Appendix D
  • Appendix E
  • Appendix F
  • Appendix G - Reserved
  • Appendix H - Instructions For Continued Airworthiness
  • Appendix I - Installation of an Automatic Take-off Thrust Control System (ATTCS)
  • Appendix J - Emergency Evacuation
  • Appendix K - Extended Operations (ETOPS)
  • Appendix L - HIRF Environments and Equipment HIRF Test Levels
  • Appendix M - Fuel Tank System Flammability Reduction Means
  • Appendix N - Fuel Tank Flammability Exposure and Reliability Analysis
  • Appendix O - Supercooled Large Drop Icing Conditions

Preamble

General

The content of this chapter is based on the United States Code of Federal Regulations, Title 14, Chapter I, Part 25 entitled, Airworthiness Standards, Transport Category Airplanes. These United States airworthiness standards have been used and adopted as the model for the Canadian standards supplemented by additional airworthiness requirements based on Canadian experience and required for Canadian aviation purposes.

The FAR numbering system is used. The Canadian standards bears the same number as the FAR equivalent, prefixed by the number "5", as this chapter contains the standards for Part V of the Canadian Aviation Regulations (CARs).

First Edition

Effective - July 1, 1986

The standards in this chapter are presented in a two column format with the United States FAR in the left column and the Canadian standards in the right column. Chapters, sub-chapters, sections and subsections numbering and headings are opposite to the equivalent FAR. Where the Canadian standard is identical to the FAR, the words "No Variation" appear; where a variation exists, the affected part of text is printed opposite to the FAR with all changes underlined.

The first issue of this chapter is based on FAR Part 25, up to and including amendment 25-59. In addition to administrative changes (e.g., Administrator = Minister; Part = Chapter) and the deletion of references to operating FARs, the Canadian variations included in this edition are as follows:

Stall Demonstration: characteristics generated by automatic systems, section 525.201, paragraph (d)(1).
Stall Warning: section 525.207, paragraph (b)
Lift and Drag Devices: in-flight controls operation, section 525.697, paragraph (b).
Life and Drag Devices, Indicator: section 525.699 paragraph (d).
Emergency Evacuation: the requirements of section 525.803, para (b) have been relocated to section 525.807 paragraph (c)(6)(ii) and (c)(6)(iii) for clarity.
Passenger Emergency Exits: exits in excess of the minimum required number, section 525.807, paragraph (c)(6).
Aeroplane Operations after Ground Cold Soak: section 525.1301-1.
Miscellaneous Marking and Placards: use of metric units, section 525.1557, paragraph (b)(3).
Aeroplane Flight Manual: section 525.1581: use of metric units para (e), and reference to operating rules, paragraph (f).

In addition, the following Airworthiness Manual Advisories (AMA) are attached to this chapter.

AMA 500C/1
Aircraft Equipment Incorporating Digital Computer Technology, dated 1 May 1986.
AMA 500C/2
Multipurpose Electronic Flight Deck Display Systems, dated 1 May 1986.
AMA 500C/3
Fire Protection - Ignition Sources, dated 1 May 1986.
AMA 500C/4
Portable Fire Extinguishers For Use In Aircraft, dated 1 May 1986.
AMA 500C/5A
Aircraft Operations After Ground Cold Soak, dated 1 May 1986.
AMA 525/1
Stalls, Compliance, dated 1 May 1986.
AMA 525.671
Aeroplane Flight Control System Failure Analysis, dated 1 May 1986.
AMA 525.697
Lift and Drag Devices, Controls and Indicators, dated 1 May 1986.
AMA 525.933
Thrust Reversing Systems, Turbo-Jet Engines, dated 1 May 1986.
AMA 525.1091
Engine Ingestion of Water/Slush Due to Runway Conditions, dated 1 May 1986.
AMA 525.1191
Firewalls - Criteria for Fireproofing, dated 1 May 1986.
AMA 525.1309
Aeroplane Equipment, Systems, and Installation Probability Analysis, dated 1 May 1986.

Change 525-1

Effective - January 1, 1987

This change incorporates the following amendments to the United States Code of Federal Regulations, Title 14, Chapter 1, Part 25, effective in Canada on the dates specified herein:

Amendments 25-60 and 25-61 to the United States Code of Federal Regulations, Title 14, Chapter I, Part 25 published in the Federal Register dated 16 May 1986 and 21 July 1986 respectively; and

A new Canadian airworthiness standards which allows conditional use of rated take-off power or thrust up to 10 minutes in case of OEI climb; Section 525.1521, para (b)(6).

In addition, the publication of the following new or revised advisory material:

AMA 500C/4A
Portable Fire Extinguishers for Use in Aircraft, dated 25 March 1987.
AMA 525.1521
Conditional Use of Rated Take-Off Power/Thrust Up to 10 Minutes For one-Engine- Inoperative Climb Operation, dated 1 January 1987.
AMA 525.1581
Aeroplane Flight Manual, dated 1 January 1987.

Note: In 525-1 changes were identified by marginal black lines. In future, changes will be identified by brackets [ ]; editorial alterations and typographical corrections will not be identified.

Change 525-2

Effective - January 1, 1989

This Change incorporates the following amendments to the United States Code of Federal Regulations, Title 14, Chapter I, Part 25:

Amendment 25-62 "Standards for Approval of an Automatic Take-off Thrust Control System (ATTCS)", which provides newly developed standards (previously special conditions) for the installation of an ATTCS. The amendment specifies maximum thrust limits, prescribes system reliability and system status monitoring and promulgates details of manual selection of maximum approved take-off thrust. The amendment is based on special conditions developed for the Boeing 727 and Douglas DC-9 ATTCS designs.

Amendment 25-63 "Standards Governing the Noise Certification of Aircraft", which revises certain noise certification requirements which makes the associated regulations more manageable. Hence the noise test procedures are simplified, the equipment specifications are updated to better accommodate the use of current digital technology and the number of flight tests required to approve relatively minor aircraft modifications is reduced.

Amendment 25-64 "Improved Seat Safety Standards", which upgrades the standards for occupant protection during emergency landing conditions (i.e. static load factors in the upward, downward and sideward direction with an aft direction requirement added). Seat restraint requirements were revised and impact injury criteria were defined based on research testing and service experience.

Amendment 25-65 "Cockpit Voice Recorders and Flight Data Recorders", which amends flight data recorder and cockpit voice recorder regulations to provide more information to accident investigators. Generally, the requirements and parameters for flight recorders are upgraded to the level of the most sophisticated systems available; the use of digital recording equipment will henceforth become the norm. Additionally, uninterrupted sound recording will be required in cockpit voice recorders.

Amendment 25-66 "Improved Flammability Standards for Materials Used in the Interiors of Transport Category Airplane Cabins", which upgrades the fire safety standards for cabin interior materials by establishing refined fire test procedures (and apparatus) and a new requirement for smoke emission testing. The research conducted also determined that the reproducibility of test results would improve. Smoke emission testing is to reduce the possibility that emergency egress will be hampered by smoke obscuration.

This change also includes:

A correction to paragraph 525.145(a) to delete the reference to 525.49(c)(2)(i). this to correct an error published in the Federal Register, amendment 25-38 dated February 1, 1977, where the FAA deleted FAR section 25.49 without amending the cross reference contained in section 25.145 paragraph (a).

A Canadian rule change addressing the determination of take-off and landing performances for operation from unpaved runways. Sections 525.105 and 525.125 are amended by adding new paragraphs (c)(1) and (b) respectively.

Advisory material (AMA 525/4) providing guidance in demonstrating compliance with the requirements of the new paragraphs 525.105(c)(1) and 525.125(b).

The reissue of advisory material on the operation of thrust reversing systems following landing touch-down and selection of reverse thrust for turbine engine propeller aeroplanes. The new AMA 525/3 supersedes the original advisory (AMA 525.933) which addressed only turbojet thrust reversing systems.

The publication of the following new or revised advisory material:

AMA 500C/5A
Aircraft Operations After Ground Cold Soak, dated 25 March 1987.
AMA 525/3
Operation of Thrust Reversing Systems, dated 24 August 1988.
AMA 525/4
Operations From Unpaved Runways, dated 1 February 1988.

The rewriting of the original Introduction and Foreword in the form of Preamble.

Change 525-3

Effective - November 1, 1991

This Change incorporates the following amendments to the United States Code of Federal Regulations, Title 14, Chapter I, Part 25:

Amendment 25-67 "Location of Passenger Emergency Exits in Transport Category Airplanes" which establishes a new standards that limits the distance between emergency exits on transport category aeroplanes to improve safe passenger evacuation during emergency.

Amendment 25-68. This amendment changes a cross reference to Part 91 in Appendix A of Part 25 and as such it is not applicable in Canada. This FAR change is part of a larger reorganisation of the general U.S. operating and flight rules to make them more understandable and easier to use.

Amendment 25-69 "Design Standards for Fuel Tank Access Covers" which requires that fuel tank access covers be designed to minimize penetration by likely foreign objects and be fire resistant.

Amendment 25-70 "Independent Power Source for Public Address System in Transport Category Airplanes" which intends to ensure the availability of the public address (PA) system during emergency conditions by requiring an independent PA system power source. This amendment applies only to aeroplanes that are required by operating rules to have a PA system.

Amendment 25-71 "Improved Structural Requirements for Pressurized Cabins and Compartments in Transport Category Airplanes" which upgrades the airworthiness standards for pressurised compartments. It requires evaluation of openings in any pressurised compartment and examination of the effects of differential pressure loads on any critical structure inside or outside the pressurised compartment.

Amendment 25-72 "Special Review: Transport Category Airplane Airworthiness Standards" is a comprehensive update of the standards for clarity and accuracy, and ensures that the standards are appropriate and practicable for smaller transport category aeroplanes.

Amendment 25-73 "Fuel Venting and Exhaust Emission Requirements for Turbine Engine Powered Airplanes" which requires compliance with the new Part 34. Part 34 consolidates all of the applicable aircraft engine fuel venting and exhaust emission requirements of SFAR 27-5, and the test procedures specified under the U.S. regulations implementing the Clear Air Act of the United States of America. In lieu of Part 34, Transport Canada has adopted the standards of Annex 16 to the Convention on International Civil Aviation, Volume II entitled "Aircraft Engine Emission," First Edition 1981, published by ICAO. Accordingly, sections 525.903 and 525.951 are amended to refer to Chapter 516, Second Edition, Subchapter B.

Amendment 25-74 "Airplane Cabin Fire Protection" which provides improved cabin fire protection for transport category aeroplanes by requiring smoke detector systems and automatic fire extinguishers in each lavatory of certain aircraft; an increased number of hand fire extinguishers in the passenger compartment and galleys; and a specified number of extinguishers containing Halon 1211.

This change also includes:

The revision of the previous Preambles for clarity and completeness;

The rewriting of section 525.1 to refer to the Air Regulation enabling the type approval of aeronautical products; and

Changes to four Canadian Variations effected by FAA amendment 25-72, as follows:

  1. (1) The requirements for ventral, tail-cone and floor level emergency exits of paragraph 525.803(b) and 525.807(c)(6) were incorporated if the FAA text. Therefore, the Canadian text is deleted and the new text of Part 25 is adopted. The cross reference between the old and the new text is old 525.803(b) = new 525.803(b)(reserved); old 525.807(c)(6) = new 525.807(d)(6)(i)
  2. (2) Paragraph 525.1521(b)(6) containing the requirement for the use of rated take-off power or thrust up to 10 minute, is renumbered as paragraph 525.1521(e) and a new introductory sentence is added.
  3. (3) Paragraph 525.1557(b)(3) containing the requirement for placards and markings at powerplant fuel openings is renumbered as 525.1557(b)(4)

The publication of the following new or revised advisory material:

AMA 500C/5B, "Aircraft Operation after Ground Cold Soak" dated March 2, 1990;
AMA 500C/6, "Lightning Protection of Aircraft Fuel System" dated Oct. 27, 1989.
AMA 500C/8, "Composite Aircraft Structures" dated Jan. 8, 1991.
and the cancellation of AMA 525.1309, which is replaced by FAA AC 25.1309-1A.

Change 525-4

Effective - August 1, 1992

This Change incorporates amendment 25-75 to the United States Code of Federal Regulations, Title 14, Chapter I, Part 25, entitled "Landing Gear Aural Warning". This amendment requires that in Transport Category aeroplanes, when the landing gear is not locked down, the flight crew must be given an aural warning. This amendment intends to eliminate nuisance warnings and to simplify the certification process.

This Change also includes:

An amendment to section 525.1581 by adding a new paragraph (g). This amendment requires that the Aeroplane Flight Manual contain approved guidance material for procedures and performance information when operating from wet and contaminated runways; and

Editorial corrections.

Change 525-5

Effective - October 30, 1992

This change incorporates the following amendments to the United States Code of Federal Regulations, Title 14, Chapter I, Part 25:

Amendment 25-76 "Improved Access To Type III Exits" which establishes improved ability of occupants to evacuate an aircraft under emergency conditions.

Amendment 25-77 "Vibration Buffet And Aeroelastic Stability Requirements For Transport Category Airplanes", which clarifies the requirement to consider flutter and divergence when treating certain damage and failure conditions required by other sections of the FAR and adjusts the safety margins related to aeroelastic stability to make them more appropriate for the conditions to which they apply.

Change 525-6

Effective - December 30, 1993

This change incorporates the following amendments to the United States Code of Federal Regulations, Title 14, Chapter I, Part 25:

Amendment 25-78 "Use of Nitrogen or Other Inert Gas for Tire Inflation in Lieu of Air" to eliminate the possibility of tire explosion.

Amendment 25-79 "Emergency Evacuation Demonstration Procedures, Exit Handle Illumination Requirements and Public Address Systems".

The English version of this change also includes a correction to appendix F, Part I, paragraph (a)(1)(ii) to take care of an oversight during the incorporation of FAA amendment 25-70 published as change 525-3.

This change also includes:

The publication of advisory material AMA 525/10, Performance of Turbo Propeller Powered Large Aeroplanes used for Special Purpose Operations (Restricted Category), November 23, 1993

Editorial corrections

Change 525-7

Effective - 30 September 1996

This change introduces a new format such as the removal of the left-hand column containing the FARs. The Canadian standards in this chapter are now presented in a newspaper column format with variations from the FARs underlined. The change number and date of affected pages has been removed from the bottom of the page. Instead, affected sections will be followed by change numbers and dates of current changes as well as any previous changes.

This change incorporates the following amendments to the United States Code of Federal Regulations, Title 14, Chapter I, Part 25:

Amendment 25-80 "Electrical and Electronic Systems Lightning Protection" providing specific lightning protection requirements for electrical and electronic systems that perform essential or critical functions. The adoption of this FAR Amendment was object of NPA 94-08 dated 28 June 1994.

Amendment 25-81 "Design Standards for Airplane Jacking and Tie-Down Provision" intended to protect primary aeroplane structure during jacking operations and from gusty wind conditions while tied down. The adoption of this FAR Amendment was object of NPA 94-09 dated 28 June 1994.

Amendment 25-82 "Emergency Locator Transmitters" requires that newly installed emergency locator transmitters be of an improved design that meets the requirements of a revised TSO or later TSOs issued for ELTs. The adoption of this FAR Amendment was object of NPA 94-15 dated 25 October 1994.

Amendment 25-83 "Improved Flammability Standards for Material Used in the Interiors of Transport Category Aeroplane Cabins" intended to clarify standards adopted by FAA in 1986 concerning the flammability of components used in the cabins of certain transport category aeroplanes. The adoption of this FAR Amendment was object of NPA 95-05 dated 17 October 1996.

Amendment 25-84 "Revision of Certain Flight Airworthiness Standards to Harmonize with European Airworthiness Standards for Transport Category Aircraft" proposes to amend Chapter 525 to harmonize certain flight requirements with the European Joint Aviation Requirements 25. The adoption of this FAR Amendment was object of NPA 95-08 dated 17 October 1996.

Amendment 25-85:

Information Note:

Amendment 25-85, "Revision of Authority Citation" was not adopted as it dealt with the recodification of the US Federal Aviation Act of 1958 and is therefore not applicable.

 

This change also includes:

The publication of the following new or revised advisory material:

AMA 500C/8A
Composite Aircraft Structure, dated 1 September 1996
AMA 500/9
Standards For The Design And Installation of Aircraft Skis, dated 1 September 1996
AMA 525/2
Flight In Icing Conditions - Performance, dated 1 September 1996
AMA 525/5
Flight In Icing Conditions - Flight Characteristics, dated 1 September 1996
AMA 525/7
Controllability During Approach And Landing VMCL, Considerations, dated 1 September 1996
AMA 525/8
Performance Credit For Use of Power And Propeller Blade Pitch During Accelerate Stop and Landing Ground Roll, dated 1 September 1996
AMA 525/11
Flight Characteristics with Lateral Centre of Gravity, dated 1 September 1996
AMA 525.1581/2
Computerised Aeroplane Flight Manual Performance Systems, dated 1 September 1996

The cancellation of AMA 500C/1, that is superseded by FAA AC 20-115B.

The cancellation of Canadian variation 525.201(d) (1) due to the incorporation of FAR Amendment 25-84. (NPA 85-08)

Second Edition

Change 525-8

1. General

This change introduces a new format such as the removal of the left-hand column containing the FARs. The Canadian standards in this chapter are now presented in a full-page format. Canadian variations from the FARs are underlined with the FAR text following in a shaded box. The change number and date of affected pages has been removed from the bottom of the page. Instead, affected sections will be followed by change numbers and dates of current changes as well as any previous changes.

With the incorporation of this change, the entire chapter, including all the associated advisory material (AMAs), is republished in a Second Edition. The chapter is presented in a new format common to the versions made available on the Internet and CD Rom.

2. FAR Amendments

This change incorporates the technical standards contained in the following amendments to the United States Code of Federal Regulations, Title 14, Chapter 1, Part 25, for which Notices of Proposed Amendments (NPAs) were issued to solicit industry comments on their adoption by reference.

These NPAs were issued under the simplified procedure for the amendment of the design standards of the Airworthiness Manual, approved by the Civil Aviation Regulatory Committee on October 15, 1997, and are noted in the following FAR amendment description.

FAR Amendment 25-86

Effective: 30 June 1997

This Amendment entitled "Revised Discrete Gust Load Design Requirements" replaces the current discrete gust requirement with a new requirement for a discrete tuned gust; modifies the method of establishing the design airspeed for maximum gust intensity; and provides for an operational rough airspeed. These changes also provide for harmonization with the Joint Aviation Requirements (JAR) of Europe. (NPA 97-167).

FAR Amendment 25-87

Effective: 30 June 1997

This Amendment entitled "Standards for Approval for High Altitude Operation of Subsonic Transport Airplanes" specifies aeroplane and equipment airworthiness standards for subsonic transport aeroplanes to be operated up to an altitude of 51,000 feet. (NPA 97-167).

Information Note:

FAA Advisory Circular 25-20, "Pressurization, Ventilation and Oxygen Systems Assessment for Subsonic Flight including High Altitude Operation" has been accepted as guidance material on methods of compliance with the requirements introduced by Amendment 25-87.

 

FAR Amendment 25-88

Effective: 30 June 1997

This Amendment entitled "Type and Number of Passenger Emergency Exits Required in Transport Category Airplanes" defines two new types of passenger emergency exits in transport category aeroplanes, provides more consistent standards with respect to the passenger seating allowed for each exit type and combination of exit types, and requires escape slides to be erected in less time. These changes allow more flexibililty in the design of emergency exits and reflect recent improvements in escape slide technology. It will also enable more cost-effective emergency exit arrangements and, in the case of escape slides, enable more rapid egress of passengers under emergency conditions. (NPA 97-167).

FAR Amendment 25-89

Effective: 30 June 1997

This Amendment entitled "Allowable Carbon Dioxide Concentration in Transport Category Airplane Cabins" revises the standards for maximum allowable carbon dioxide (CO2) concentration in occupied areas of transport category aeroplanes by reducing the maximum allowable concentration from 3 percent to 0.5 percent. (NPA 97-167).

FAR Amendment 25-90

Information Note:

Amendment 25-90 "Operating Requirements: Domestic...etc." revises the FAR 121 operating rule cited in FAR 25.1303(b)(4). The equivalent provision in Chapter 525 currently makes general, rather than specific, reference to the applicable Canadian operating rules. This amendment does not require a change in Chapter 525.

 

FAR Amendment 25-91

Effective: 8 February 1998

This Amendment entitled "Revised Structural Loads Requirements for Transport Category Airplanes" introduces changes intended to achieve a common airworthiness standards and language between the requirements of the Federal Aviation Regulations and the Joint Aviation Requirements of Europe while maintaining at least the level of safety provided by the current regulations and industry practices. (NPA 97-450).

FAR Amendment 25-92

Effective: 1 June 1998

This Amendment entitled "Improved Standards for Determining Rejected Takeoff and Landing". This amendment amends the airworthiness standards for transport category aeroplanes to revise the methods for taking into account the time needed for the pilot to accomplish the procedures for a rejected take-off; require that take-off performance be determined for wet runways; and require that rejected take-off and landing stopping distances be based on worn brakes. (NPA 98-125).

Due to the incorporation of this amendment the Canadian variation 525.1581(g) is amended by deleting reference to wet runways. (NPA 2000-98).

FAR Amendment 25-93

Effective: 1 June 1998

This Amendment entitled "Revised Standards for Cargo or Baggage Compartments in Transport Category Airplanes" upgrades the fire safety standards for cargo or baggage compartments in certain transport category aeroplanes by eliminating Class D compartments as an option for future type certification. Compartments that can no longer be designated as Class D must meet the standards for Class C or Class E compartments, as applicable. (NPA 98-126).

Information Note:

FAA Amendment 25-93 was issued together with Amendment 121-269, which addressed the retrofitting of the existing fleet. Equivalent requirements for retrofitting the Canadian fleet have been addressed by NPA 98-163 and 98-164 for publication in CAR Part VII.

 

FAR Amendment 25-94

Effective: 1 June 1998

This Amendment corrects a number of errors in the safety standards for transport category aeroplanes. None of the changes are substantive in nature, and none will impose any additional burden on any person. (NPA 98-127).

FAR Amendment 25-95

Effective: 29 October 1998

This Amendment entitled "Airworthiness Standards; Rain and Hail Ingestion Standards" establishes revisions to the Federal Aviation Administration's certification standards for rain and hail ingestion for aircraft turbine engines. This amendment addresses engine power-loss and instability phenomena attributed to operation in extreme rain or hail that are not adequately addressed by current requirements. This amendment also generally harmonizes these standards with rain and hail ingestion standards being amended by the Joint Aviation Authorities (JAA). These amendments establish nearly uniform standards for engines certified in the United States under 14 CFR part 33 and in the JAA countries under Joint Airworthiness Requirements-Engines (JAR-E), thereby simplifying the certification of engine designs by the FAA and the JAA. (NPA 98-159).

FAR Amendment 25-96

Effective: 29 October 1998

This Amendment entitled "Fatigue Evaluation of Structure" amends the fatigue requirements for damage-tolerant structure on transport category aeroplanes to require a demonstration using sufficient full-scale fatigue test evidence that widespread multiple-site damage will not occur within the design service goal of the aeroplane; and inspection thresholds for certain types of structure based on crack growth from likely initial defects. This change is needed to ensure the continued airworthiness of structures designed to the current damage tolerance requirements, and to ensure that should serious fatigue damage occur within the design service goal of the aeroplane, the remaining structure can withstand loads that are likely to occur, without failure, until the damage is detected and repaired. (NPA 98-160).

FAR Amendment 25-97

Effective: 29 October 1998

This amendment entitled "Braked Roll Conditions" adds a new design standard that requires that the aeroplane be designed to withstand main landing gear maximum braking forces during ground operations. This amendment will ensure that the landing gear and fuselage are capable of withstanding the dynamic loads associated with the maximum dynamic braking condition. It also relieves a burden on industry by eliminating differences between the Federal Aviation Regulations (FAR) and European Joint Aviation Requirements (JAR), while maintaining a level of safety provided by the current regulations and industry practices. (NPA 98-176).

Amendment 25-98

Effective: 23 November 1999

This action amends the airworthiness standards for transport category aeroplanes to revise the requirements concerning gated positions on the control used by the pilot to select the position of an aeroplane's high-lift devices. This amendment updates the current standards to take into account the multiple configurations of the high-lift devices provided on current aeroplanes to perform landings and go-around maneuvers. This final rule also harmonizes these standards with those being adopted by the European Joint Aviation Authorities (JAA). (NPA 99-170).

3. CARAC Working Group

This amendment also implements the recommendations of CARAC Working Group 523-525

In 1996 the integration of the existing Design Standards of this Manual into the new Canadian Aviation Regulations (CARs), Part V was delayed as a result of a request by Canadian aviation industry to review these standards, in particular the Canadian variations, and all associated Canadian advisory material (AMAs) for their accuracy and appropriateness.

Due to the time-frame for CARs implementation, the CARAC Airworthiness Technical Committee V formed several Working Groups made up of industry and Transport Canada specialists to review those variations, AMAs and any applicable Special Conditions and make recommendations to the Committee for their disposition.

The final report of the 523/525 Working Group was completed in June 1997 and all its recommendations were accepted by the CARAC Technical Committee V. With the publication of this Change to Chapter 525, Transport Canada Civil Aviation, Aircraft Certification Branch, starts the implementation of those recommendations.

Therefore, this change includes:

  1. (a) The amendment to Canadian variation 525.1581(g) as explained at FAR Amendment 25-92. (NPA 2000-98).
  2. (b) The cancellation of the following Canadian variations effective on the date of publication of this change:
  3. 525.105(c)(1), and 525.125(b). (NPA 2000-95).
    525.1581(e)(2) and (e)(3), and 525.1581(f). (NPA 2000-97).
  4. (c) The publication of new or revised advisory material:
525/1A
Stalls, Compliance, dated 12 November 1999.
525/2A
Flight in Icing Conditions-Performance, dated 29 October 1999.
525/4A
Operations from Unpaved Runways, dated 2 September 1999.
525/5A
Flight in Icing Conditions-Flight Characteristics, dated 20 October 1999.
525/6A
Downwind Take-Off and Landing, dated 15 November 1999.
525/7A
Controllability During Approach And Landing VMCL, Considerations, dated 30 June 1999.
525/8A
Performance Credit for Use of Propeller Blade Pitch During Accelerate Stop and Landing Roll, dated 15 November 1999.
525/10A
Performance of Turbo-Prop Powered Large Aeroplanes Used for Special Purpose Operations (Restricted Category), dated 6 March 2000.
525/11A
Flight Characteristics with Lateral Center of Gravity, dated 12 November 1999.
525/12
Certification of Transport Category Aeroplanes On Narrow Runways , dated 19 November 1999.
525.671A
Aeroplane Flight Control System Failure Analysis, dated 14 July 2000.
525.1521A
Conditional Use of Rated Take-Off Power/Thrust, dated 14 July 2000.
525.1581A
Aeroplane Flight Manual, dated 12 November 1999.
525.1581/2A
Computerised Aeroplane Flight Manual Persormance Systems, dated 15 November 1999.
500C/3
Fire Protection - Ignition Sources, dated 1 May 1986.
500C/5B
Aircraft Operation After Ground Cold Soak, dated 2 March 1990.
500/8B
Composite Aircraft Structure, dated 8 November 1999.
500/9A
Standards For The Design And Installation of Aircraft Skis, dated 29 October 1999.
500/11
Airworthiness Standards For The Design Of Aircraft Floats, dated 2 February 1998.
500/12
Carriage of Bulk Liquids in Aircraft, dated 7 April 2000
  1. (d) The cancellation of the following advisory material:

    500C/2 Multipurpose Electronic Flight Deck Display System, dated 1 May 1986.

    500C/4A Portable Fire Extinguishers For Use In Aircraft, dated 25 March 1987.

    In sections 525.812(h) and 525.1411 (c) cross references to 525.809(f) and (h) have been corrected to 525.810. (NPA 2000-96).

In FAR amendment 25-72, that was incorporated in this chapter at change 525-3, the requirements of 25.809 (f) and (h) were relocated in the new section 25.810. Due to an administrative oversight, the FAA did not correct the cross references in 25.812(h) and 25.1411 (c). In this change, Transport Canada is rectifying this error for applicability in Canada. FAA was advised and they will issue a correction to FAR 25.

4. Miscellaneous Changes

This change also includes editorial corrections, including editorial corrections to the Preamble at Change 525-7 and the update of cross references to CARs (e.g. 523.1).

Due to the consolidation of all regulatory requirements previously found in the Air Regulations and Air Navigation Orders into the new Canadian Aviation Regulations, administrative changes are included in this amendment to update the regulatory references and terminology (e.g. Type Certificate instead of Type Approval).

Change 525-8.1 - Special Amendment

Published: 10 April 2002

This Special Amendment 525-8.1 incorporates enhanced aircraft security design standards in support of amended regulations in CAR 705.80 required in the wake of the September 11, 2001 terrorist attacks and the issuance of SFAR 92-3 by the FAA.

FAR Amendment 25-106

Effective: 21 March 2002

This amendment entitled "Security Considerations in the Design of the Flightdeck on Transport Category Airplanes" was introduced using NPA 2002-017 and NPA 2002-018 adoption by reference without consultation pursuant to subsection 103.04(1) of the Canadian Aviation Regulations. These NPAs define new design standards with respect to emergency means to enable a flight attendant to enter the flight deck in the event the flight crew becomes incapacitated (525.772) and, intrusion and penetration resistance to pilot compartment doors (525.795).

Change 525-8.2 - Special Amendment

Published/Effective: April 9, 2003

This Special Amendment is introduced by NPA 2003-123 pursuant to subsection 103.04(1) of the Canadian Aviation Regulations (CARs). This NPA adds the reference to subsection 701.30(1) of the Canadian Aviation Regulations in section 525.795 of the Airworthiness Manual. Subsection 701.30(1) of the CARs, which has been amended simultaneously, requires foreign air operators to comply with the enhanced aircraft security design standards for flight deck doors.

Change 525-9

Published: June 1, 2003

1. General

This change introduces a new amendment format. This new amendment format is introduced in Chapter 525 of the Airworthiness Manual in order to be more consistent with the administrative procedures followed to amend the Canadian Aviation Regulations (CARs).

The following changes to the amendment procedures are introduced in this Change 525-9:

  • the preamble will be the focal point regarding the sections affected by this change. The change number will no longer be provided at the end of an amended section. Rather, for the current change only, the amended text will be followed by an amendment tag identifying the coming into force date of the provision.
    (example: (amended 2003/06/01)).
  • brackets "[ ]" will no longer be used to identify new or revised text. On the paper version, new or revised text will be highlighted. In the electronic version, new or revised text will not be highlighted, but followed by an electronic link to the previous version of the modified text. (example: (amended 2003/06/01; previous version))
  • the preamble will include tables of change information. These tables will include the Notices of Proposed Amendments (NPAs) with the corresponding amended sections.

2. FAR Amendments

This change incorporates the following amendments to the United States Code of Federal Regulations, Title 14, Chapter I, Part 25:

FAR Amendment 25-99

Pending Publication

Information Note:

This amendment for Special Retroactive Requirements was not adopted using the simplified process for the amendment of the design standards of airworthiness by adopting by reference a foreign amendment. A Notice of proposed amendment was developed and presented to the CARAC Technical Committee Part V where it was recommended for acceptance. See section 3 "CARAC Recommendations" NPA 2000-241 for further information on this FAR amendment.

 

FAR Amendment 25-100

Effective: March 5, 2001

Table of Change Information
Notice of Proposed Amendment Amended Section(s)
  • 2000-264
  • 525.903 (Please note that the publication of this amended section has been deferred.)
  • 525.1091

This amendment revised the bird ingestion type certification standards for aircraft turbine engines to better address the actual bird threat encountered in service. This amendment also establishes nearly uniform bird ingestion standards for aircraft turbine engines certified by the United States under FAA standards and by the Joint Aviation Authorities (JAA) countries under JAA standards, thereby simplifying airworthiness approval for import and export. The adoption of this final rule harmonizes Canadian standards with FARs and JARs.

FAR Amendment 25-101

Effective: May 7, 2001

Table of Change Information
Notice of Proposed Amendment Amended Section(s)
  • 2001-004
  • 525.1183

This amendment revises the airworthiness standards for transport category aeroplanes to establish a new requirement for fire protection of powerplant installations and requires that components within a designated fire zone must be fireproof if, when exposed to or damaged by fire, they could pose a hazard to the aeroplane. Also, the adoption of this final rule will harmonize Canadian standards with FARs and JARs without affecting current industry design practices.

FAR Amendment 25-102

Effective: August 19, 2002

Information Note:

Amendment 25-102, entitled "Transport Airplane Fuel Tank Design Review, Flammability Reduction, and Maintenance and Inspection Requirements" is not included in this change issue. This amendment, effective as of 19 August 2002, will be published in the next change.

 

FAR Amendment 25-103

Effective: October 1, 2001

Table of Change Information
Notice of Proposed Amendment Amended Section(s)
  • 2001-251
  • 525.473
  • 525.723
  • 525.725
  • 525.727

This amendment revises the airworthiness standards for landing gear shock absorption test requirements for transport category aeroplanes by incorporating changes developed in cooperation with the U.S. Federal Aviation Administration (FAA), Joint Aviation Authorities (JAA) and the aviation industry through the Aviation Rulemaking Advisory Committee (ARAC). This amendment reduces the number of design wight conditions required to be demonstrated by shock absorption tests and changes the objective of the tests to include the complete validation of the landing gear dynamic characteristics. This amendment also removes some means of compliance criteria from the rule since it is more appropriately set forth in advisory material.

FAR Amendment 25-104

Effective: October 24, 2001

Table of Change Information
Notice of Proposed Amendment Amended Section(s)
  • 2001-254
  • 525.1435

This amendment revises the hydraulic system design and test requirements of airworthiness standards for transport category aeroplanes. The amendment adds appropriate existing Joint Aviation Requirements (JAR) standards to achieve harmonization; moves some of the existing regulatory text to a new advisory circular (AC) 25.1435.1; consolidates and/or separates certain subparagraphs for clarity; and revises aeroplane static relief pressure. These revisions were developed in cooperation with Joint Aviation Authorities (JAA), Transport Canada, and the U.S. and European aviation industry through ARAC.

FAR Amendment 25-105

Effective: October 24, 2001

Table of Change Information
Notice of Proposed Amendment Amended Section(s)
  • 2001-255
  • 525.1516
  • 525.1527
  • 525.1583
  • 525.1585
  • 525.1587

This amendment entitled "Revisions to Requirements Concerning Airplane Operating Limitations and the Content of Airplane Flight Manuals for Transport Category Airplanes" amends the airworthiness standards for transport category aeroplanes concerning aeroplane operating limitations and the content of aeroplane flight manuals. Issuing this amendment eliminates regulatory differences between the airworthiness standards of Canada, the U.S. and the Joint Aviation Authorities (JAA), without affecting current industry design practices.

FAR Amendment 25-106

Effective: March 21, 2002

Information Note:

This is a special amendment, published at Change 8.1, that incorporates enhanced aircraft security design standards in support of amended regulations in CAR 705.80 required in the wake of the September 11, 2001 terrorist attacks and the issuance of SFAR 92-3 by the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA).

 

3. CARAC Proposed Amendment Recommendations

This change implements the amendments to the standard recommended by the CARAC Technical Committee Part V.

Table of Change Information
Notice of Proposed Amendment Amended Section(s)
  • 2001-011
  • 525.1581

Therefore, this change includes the amendment to Canadian variation 525.1581(e)(1). This amendment deletes the requirement to have the Système Internationale (SI) units of measurement in the aircraft manual.

Information Note:

FAR amendment 25-99 was presented as NPA 2000-241 to the Technical Committee. The NPA was reviewed at the September 6 and 7, 2000 meeting and was deferred at the November 16, 2000 meeting for further study and review accompanied with other NPAs that were drafted to deal with the Changed Product Rule (CPR). NPA 2000-241 was accepted at the November 16, 2000 meeting. The NPA will be published with the other related CPR NPAs when the CPR regulations will be implemented.

 

Change 525-9.1

Published/Effective: June 5, 2003

1. General

This change introduces the Changed Product Rule into Chapter 525 of the Airworthiness Manual (AWM).

These amendments are required to address the trend toward fewer aeronautical products that are of completely new design and more products with multiple changes to previously approved designs for existing aeronautical products. In common with those of other major regulatory regimes, Canadian airworthiness regulations have permitted an individual or organization that had responsibility for the type design or a change to the type design of an aeronautical product to change aspects of the design of the aeronautical product without updating the design of the entire product to the design standards current at the time of the application for the change to the type design. The result could be, and often was, a series of changes to a design, over time, no one of which constituted an extensive change from the immediately preceding design. The cumulative effect of the series of changes, however, could result in a very different version of the aeronautical product from that version to which the original type certificate, which approved the original design, referred. As a result, many changed aeronautical products have not been required to demonstrate compliance with all the recent airworthiness design standards. The changes to Canadian regulations form part of an international agreement with the U.S. Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) and the European Joint Aviation Authorities (JAA) to harmonize procedures for aeronautical product design and certification to prevent the continuation of this situation.

The following Changed Product Rule Notice of Proposed Amendment (NPA) was presented to the Aircraft Certification Technical Committee of the Canadian Aviation Regulation Advisory Council (CARAC):

FAR Amendment 25-99

Effective: June 10, 2003

Table of Change Information
Notice of Proposed Amendment Amended Section(s)
  • 2001-241
  • 525.2 (c)
  • NPA 2000-241, which amended paragraph 525.2(c) to ensure that the new requirements for changes to type design that are introduced in Chapter 511 and 513 of the CARs will apply to Transport Category Aeroplanes. Compliance with subsequent revisions to the sections specified in paragraph (a) or (b) of section 525.2 of the AWM may be elected or may be required in accordance with subsection 511.13(1) and 513.07(1) of the CARs.
  • This amendment harmonizes the text of Chapter 525 of the Airworthiness Manual with the corresponding text of FAR 25 section 25.2 as amended by FAR amendment 25-99.

Change 525-10

Effective: December 1, 2004

In an effort to harmonize our regulatory guidance documents with those of other international aviation authorities and other branches within Transport Canada Civil Aviation (TCCA), the Aircraft Certification Branch has decided to replace existing Airworthiness Manual Advisories (AMA) related to certification of aeronautical products with new Advisory Circulars (AC). While the content of the new ACs will remain technically the same as the corresponding AMAs, which they will replace, the format of the ACs will be standardized to conform to other guidance documents published within the branch.

This change in guidance documentation becomes effective 1 December 2004 at which time the AMAs will be cancelled and replaced by their corresponding Advisory Circular concurrent with the next publishing of the Canadian Aviation Regulations (CAR). After this time, the CARAC Secretariat will no longer publish these AMAs and, consequently, ACs will not be published with their corresponding AWM Chapter. As of the 1 December 2004 issue of the CARs, any affected AMA references and content will have been removed. However, the AMA Index found in AMA 500/00 will, for now, continue to exist to provide a cross-reference between the old AMAs and the new ACs.

Change 525-11

Published: December 1, 2005

This change incorporates the following amendments to the United States Code of Federal Regulations, Title 14, Chapter I, Part 27:

FAR Correction

Effective: December 11, 2003

Table of Change Information
Notice of Proposed Amendment Amended Section(s)
  • 2000-264
  • 2003-256
  • 525.903

NPA 2000-264 was written to adopt by reference Federal Aviation Regulation (FAR) amendment 25-100. The text of CAR Standard (Airworthiness Manual) paragraph 525.903(a)(2) in the NPA 2000-264 was erroneously written to include the term "and installation" in the opening statement of the subsection whereas the FAR text did not include this term. The contents of NPA 2003-256 supersede the contents of NPA 2000-264.

Additionally, the dates provided in subparagraphs 525.903(a)(2)(i), (ii) and (iii) of the current text are FAR effectives dates for respective section requirements. These FAR effective dates are not applicable in Canada. Consequently, the appropriate effective Canadian dates are provided to replace the FAR effective dates.

FAR Amendment 25-102

Effective: August 19, 2002

Table of Change Information
Notice of Proposed Amendment Amended Section(s)
  • 2002-043
  • 525.981
  • H525.4

FAR Amendment 25-103, 25-104, 25-105 and 25-106

See Change 525-9 for information regarding these amendments.

FAR Amendment 25-107

Effective: November 10, 2003

Table of Change Information
Notice of Proposed Amendment Amended Section(s)
  • 2003-211
  • 525.731
  • 525.735

This amendment revises the braking systems design and test requirements of the airworthiness standards for transport category aeroplane. The amendment moves some of the existing regulatory text, considered to be of an advisory nature, to an advisory circular (FAA AC 25.735-1) and adds regulations addressing automatic brake systems, brake wear indicators, pressure release devices, and system compatibility. FAA AC 25.735-1 has been published April 10, 2002 and is acceptable for use in Canada.

FAR Amendment 25-108

Effective: November 10, 2003

Table of Change Information
Notice of Proposed Amendment Amended Section(s)
  • 2003-212
  • 525.103
  • 525.107
  • 525.111
  • 525.119
  • 525.121
  • 525.125
  • 525.143
  • 525.145
  • 525.147
  • 525.149
  • 525.161
  • 525.175
  • 525.177
  • 525.181
  • 525.201
  • 525.207
  • 525.231
  • 525.233
  • 525.237
  • 525.773
  • 525.1001
  • 525.1323
  • 525.1325
  • 525.1587

This amendment entitled "1-g Stall Speed as the basis for Compliance" amends the airworthiness standards for transport category aeroplanes to redefine the reference stall speed for transport category aeroplanes as a speed not less than the 1-g stall speed instead of the minimum speed obtained in a stalling manoeuvre. This amendment will provide a higher level of safety for those cases in which the current methods result in artificially low operating speeds.

FAR Amendment 25-109

Effective: November 10, 2003

Table of Change Information
Notice of Proposed Amendment Amended Section(s)
  • 2003-213
  • 525.1323

This amendment entitled "Airspeed Indicating System Requirements for Transport Category Aeroplanes" amends the airworthiness standards for transport category aeroplanes concerning airspeed indicating system requirements. The amendment adds airspeed indication requirements for speeds greater than and less than the speed range for which airspeed indication accuracy requirements currently apply; a requirement that airspeed indications not cause the pilot undue difficulty between the initiation of rotation and the achievement of a steady climbing condition during takeoff, and a requirement to limit the effects airspeed lag.

FAR Amendment 25-110

Effective: November 30, 2003

Table of Change Information
Notice of Proposed Amendment Amended Section(s)
  • 2003-254
  • 525.819

This amendment entitled "Lower Deck Service Compartment of Transport Category Aeroplanes" amends the airworthiness standards for transport category aeroplanes equipped with lower deck service compartments that are not certificated to be occupied during takeoff and landing. This amendment requires that two-way voice communication systems between lower and deck service compartments and flight deck remain available following loss of normal electrical power generating system, and seats installed in the lower deck compartment meet the requirements of AWM 525.785(d) instead of AWM 525.785(c).

Change 525-12

Published: December 30, 2006

This change incorporates the following amendments to the United States Code of Federal Regulations, Title 14, Chapter I, Part 25:

FAR Amendment 25-111

Effective: June 8, 2004

Table of Change Information
Notice of Proposed Amendment Amended Section(s)
  • 2004-028
  • 525.856
  • Appendix F, Parts I, VI and VII

This Amendment entitled "Improved Flammability Standards for Thermal/Acoustic Insulation Materials Used in Transport Category Airplanes" revises the flammability standards for thermal and acoustic insulation materials. The revised standards include new flammability tests and criteria that address flame propagation and entry of an external fire into the aeroplane. This is necessary because the current standards do not realistically address situations in which thermal or acoustic insulation materials may contribute to the propagation of a fire. The revised standards intend to enhance safety by reducing the incidence and severity of cabin fires, particularly those in inaccessible areas where thermal and acoustic insulation materials are installed and also by providing additional time for evacuation by delaying the entry of external post crash fires into the cabin.

FAR Amendment 25-112

Effective: November 26, 2003

Table of Change Information
Notice of Proposed Amendment Amended Section(s)
  • 2003-255
  • 525.613

This amendment entitled "Material strength properties and design values for transport aeroplanes" amends the airworthiness standards for transport category aeroplanes concerning material strength properties and design values requirements. Issuing this amendment eliminates a regulatory difference between the airworthiness standards of Canada, the U.S. and Joint Aviation Authorities of Europe, without affecting current industry design practices.

This amendment revises the heading and paragraphs (b) and (d) to clarify that the design values are material design values.

This amendment also requires consideration of environmental conditions in general, such as temperature and moisture, on material design values used in an essential component or structure, where those effects are significant in the aeroplane operating envelope.

This amendment removes paragraph (d) as fatigue is now adequately addressed in AWM 525.571 and adds paragraph (f), which permits the use of other design values if approved by the Minister.

FAR Amendment 25-113

Effective: July 16, 2004

Table of Change Information
Notice of Proposed Amendment Amended Section(s)
  • 2004-041
  • 525.869
  • 525.1353
  • 525.1431

This amendment amends the airworthiness standards for transport category aeroplanes concerning electrical equipment, nickel cadmium battery installation and storage, electrical cables, design and installation of electronic equipment and fire protection of electrical system components. Adoption of this amendment eliminates significant regulatory differences between the airworthiness standards of Canada, the U.S. and the Joint Aviation Authorities of Europe, without affecting current industry design practices.

Change 525-13

Published: June 30, 2007

This change incorporates the following amendments to the United States Code of Federal Regulations, Title 14, Chapter I, Part 25:

FAR Amendment 25-114

Effective: March 8, 2007

Table of Change Information
Notice of Proposed Amendment Amended Section(s)
  • 2006-005
  • 525.783
  • 525.807
  • 525.809
  • 525.810
  • 525.820

This amendment entitled "Design Standards for Fuselage Doors on Transport Category Aeroplanes" changes the design standards for fuselage doors, hatches, and exits on transport category aeroplanes. It provides design criteria that ensure doors remain secure under all circumstances that service experience has shown can happen.

FAR Amendment 25-115

Effective: June 3, 2005

Table of Change Information
Notice of Proposed Amendment Amended Section(s)
  • 2005-013
  • 525.111
  • 525.147
  • 525.161
  • 525.175
  • 525.677
  • 525.945
  • 525.973
  • 525.1141
  • 525.1181
  • 525.1305
  • 525.1423
  • 525.1439

This amendment entitled "Miscellaneous Flight Requirements; Powerplant Installation Requirements; Public Address System; Trim Systems and Protective Breathing Equipment; and Powerplant Controls" amends the airworthiness standards for transport category aeroplanes in each of these six areas.

FAR Amendment 25-116

Effective: March 8, 2007

Table of Change Information
Notice of Proposed Amendment Amended Section(s)
  • 2006-010
  • 525.809
  • 525.812
  • 525.813
  • 525.853
  • 525.855
  • 525.1411
  • 525.1447

The amendment entitled "Miscellaneous Cabin Safety Changes" changes the airworthiness standards for transport category aeroplanes relating to flight attendant assist spaces and handles, door hold-open features, outside viewing means, interior compartment doors, and portable oxygen equipment. These amendments are part of a continuing effort to upgrade the standards to improve the overall level of safety in areas where the state-of-the-art and good design practice have indicated that such upgrades are warranted.

FAR Amendment 25-117

Effective: March 8, 2007

Table of Change Information
Notice of Proposed Amendment Amended Section(s)
  • 2006-007
  • Appendix J

The amendment entitled "Revision of Emergency Evacuation Demonstration Procedures To Improve Participant Safety" amends the emergency evacuation demonstration procedures requirements for transport category aeroplanes to allow certain alternative procedures in conducting full-scale emergency evacuation demonstrations, reducing the possibility of injury to participants.

Change 525-14

Published: December 30, 2007

This change incorporates the following amendments based on the United States Code of Federal Regulations, Title 14, Chapter I, Part 25:

Aeroplane Flight Manual

Effective: July 16, 2007

Table of Change Information
Notice of Proposed Amendment Amended Section(s)
  • 2007-017
  • 525.1581

The amendment entitled "Aeroplane Flight Manual" amends the current AWM paragraph 525.1581(a)(3), which makes reference to AWM Chapter 516, 2nd Edition, whereas the 2nd Edition is no longer applicable for new aeronautical product approvals. The reference to 2nd Edition is thus deleted, meaning that the current change level of AWM 516 will be the applicable noise and emission standard. This change will allow this provision to remain harmonized with FAR Part 25.

FAR Amendment 25-119

Effective: July 16, 2007

Table of Change Information
Notice of Proposed Amendment Amended Section(s)
  • 2007-020
  • 525.1329
  • 525.1335

Proposed adoption by reference of FAR Amendment 25-119 dated May 11, 2006 and incorporation of the FAA Final Rule in Chapter 525 of the Airworthiness Manual.

The amendment entitled "Safety Standards for Flight Guidance System" amends the airworthiness standards for new designs and significant product changes for transport category aeroplanes concerning flight guidance systems. The standards address the performance, safety, failure protection, alerting, and basic annunciation of these systems. This amendment addresses flight guidance system vulnerabilities and consolidates and standardizes regulations for functions within those systems. In addition, this amendment updates the current standards regarding the latest technology and functionality. Adopting this amendment eliminates significant regulatory differences between Canadian, U.S. and European airworthiness standards.

Correction to FAR Amendment 25-116

Effective: August 21, 2007

Table of Change Information
Notice of Proposed Amendment Amended Section(s)
  • 2007-030
  • 525.813

This amendment introduced an editorial correction to paragraph 525.813(b)(5) of the Airworthiness Manual (AWM). The reference in 525.813(b)(5) to paragraph 525.807(d)(3)(ii) was corrected to instead reference paragraph 525.807(g)(9)(ii).

When adopted by reference with FAR Amendment 25-116, entitled Miscellaneous Cabin Safety Changes, as published in the Federal Register / Vol. 69, No. 207, dated 27 October 2004, NPA 2006-010 introduced a harmonized but erroneous cross-reference in paragraph 525.813(b)(5) to paragraph 525.807(d)(3)(ii), which no longer exists as it was moved to paragraph 525.807(g)(9)(ii) at Change 525-8 (FAR Amdt. 25 88).

The original text of FAR paragraph 25.807(d)(3)(ii) at Amendment 25-72, issued 08/20/1990, provided allowance for "…a tail cone exit incorporating a floor level opening of not less than 20 inches wide by 60 inches high, with corner radii not greater than one-third the width of the exit, in the pressure shell and incorporating an approved assist means in accordance with Sec 25.809(h), 25 additional passenger seats."

FAR Amendment 25-88, issued 12/09/1996, revised that provision and relocated it to paragraph 25.807(g)(9)(ii). The cross-reference to 25.807(d)(3)(ii) found in 25.813(b)(5) was later incorporated at FAR Amendment 25-116, issued 11/26/2004 (TCCA NPA 2006-010), but apparently neglected the earlier renumbering to 25.813(g)(9)(ii).

Change 525-15

Published: December 30, 2008

1. Corrections (Ground Gust Conditions)

AWM 525.415(b) has been corrected with respect to the requirements provided in the table for values of "K" and "Position of Controls". Typographical errors appeared in the published version during transition to the CARs format at Change 525-7 as well as to the Internet and CD-ROM format at Change 525-8. AWM 525.415(b) remains a requirement with no variation as compared to §25.415(b) of the FAR, as has been the case since the First Edition of AWM Chapter 525, effective July 1, 1986.

2. FAR Amendments

This change incorporates the following amendment to the United States Code of Federal Regulations, Title 14, Chapter I, Part 25:

Information Note:

FAR Amendment 25-120, entitled "Extended Operations (ETOPS) of Multi-Engine Airplanes" is not adopted in Canada at this time as. TP 6327, Safety Criteria For Approval of Extended Range Twin-Engine Operations (ETOPS), is published by Transport Canada Safety and Security under the authority of the Director General, Civil Aviation by the Director, Commercial and Business Aviation in co-ordination with the Director, Aircraft Certification and the Director, Maintenance and Manufacturing.

 

FAR Amendment 25-121

Effective: October 30, 2008

Table of Change Information
Notice of Proposed Amendment Amended Section(s)
  • 2008-002
  • 525.21
  • 525.103
  • 525.105
  • 525.107
  • 525.111
  • 525.119
  • 525.121
  • 525.123
  • 525.125
  • 525.143
  • 525.207
  • 525.237
  • 525.253
  • 525.773
  • 525.941
  • 525.1419
  • Appendix C

This amendment entitled "Airplane Performance and Handling Qualities in Icing Conditions" introduces new airworthiness standards to evaluate the performance and handling characteristics of transport category aeroplanes in icing conditions. This action will improve the level of safety for new aeroplane designs when operating in icing conditions.

FAR Amendment 25-122

Effective: October 30, 2008

Table of Change Information
Notice of Proposed Amendment Amended Section(s)
  • 2008-003
  • 525.1317
  • Appendix L

This amendment entitled "High-Intensity Radiated Fields (HIRF) Protection for Aircraft Electrical and Electronic Systems" revises the airworthiness standards for Transport Category Aeroplanes. This action is necessary due to the vulnerability of aircraft electrical and electronic systems and the increasing use of high-power radio frequency transmitters. It is intended to create a safer operating environment for civil aviation by protecting aircraft and their electrical and electronic systems from the adverse effects of HIRF.

Change 525-16

Published: June 30, 2009

This change incorporates the following amendment to the United States Code of Federal Regulations, Title 14, Chapter I, Part 25:

FAR Amendment 25-123

Effective: May 11, 2009

Table of Change Information
Notice of Proposed Amendment Amended Section(s)
  • 2008-013
  • 525.611
  • 525.855
  • 525.869
  • 525.899
  • 525.1203
  • 525.1301
  • 525.1309
  • 525.1310
  • 525.1353
  • 525.1357
  • 525.1360
  • 525.1362
  • 525.1365
  • 525.1703
  • 525.1705
  • 525.1707
  • 525.1709
  • 525.1711
  • 525.1713
  • 525.1715
  • 525.1717
  • 525.1719
  • 525.1721
  • 525.1723
  • 525.1725
  • 525.1727
  • 525.1729
  • 525.1731
  • 525.1733
  • Appendix H

This Amendment entitled "Enhanced Airworthiness Program for Airplane Systems/Fuel Tank Safety (EAPAS/FTS)" amends the airworthiness standards for transport category aeroplanes. It ensures the continued safety of transport category aeroplanes by improving the design, installation and maintenance of aeroplane electrical wiring systems and align those requirements as closely as possible with the requirements for fuel tank system safety. This amendment organizes and clarifies design requirements for wire systems by moving existing regulatory references to wiring into a single subchapter of the Airworthiness Manual Chapter 525 specifically for wiring and by adding new certification standards.

FAR Amendment 25-124

Effective: May 11, 2009

Table of Change Information
Notice of Proposed Amendment Amended Section(s)
  • 2008-067
  • 525.1457
  • 525.1459

This Amendment entitled "Revisions to Cockpit Voice Recorder and Digital Flight Data Recorder Standards" amends cockpit voice recorder (CVR) and digital flight data recorder (DFDR) design standards. This amendment increases the duration of certain CVR recordings, requires physical separation of the DFDR and CVR, improves the reliability of the power supplies to both the CVR and DFDR, and requires that certain datalink communications received on an aircraft be recorded if datalink communication equipment is installed. This amendment is based on recommendations issued by the National Transportation Safety Board following its investigations of several accidents and incidents. These changes to CVR and DFDR systems are intended to improve the quality and quantity of information recorded, and increase the potential for retaining important information needed for accident and incident investigations.

FAR Amendment 25-125

Effective: May 11, 2009

Table of Change Information
Notice of Proposed Amendment Amended Section(s)
  • 2008-164
  • 525.981
  • Appendix M
  • Appendix N

This Amendment entitled "Reduction of Fuel Tank Flammability" requires that the design should be such as to reduce the chances of a catastrophic fuel tank explosion. This amendment does not direct the adoption of specific inerting technology, but establishes a performance-based set of requirements that set acceptable flammability exposure values in tanks most prone to explosion or require the installation of an ignition mitigation means in an affected fuel tank. Technology now provides commercially feasible methods to accomplish this safety objective.

Change 525-17

Published: December 1, 2009

On December 1, 2009, Part V Subpart 21 of the Canadian Aviation Regulations (CAR 521) came into force. CAR 521 replaces the following Regulations in Part V - Airworthiness:

Subpart 11 - Approval of the Type Design of an Aeronautical Product
Subpart 13 - Approval of Modification and Repair Designs
Subpart 16 - Aircraft Emissions
Subpart 22 - Gliders and Powered Gliders
Subpart 23 - Normal, Utility, Aerobatic and Commuter Category Aeroplanes
Subpart 25 - Transport Category Aeroplanes
Subpart 27 - Normal Category Rotorcraft
Subpart 29 - Transport Category Rotorcraft
Subpart 31 - Manned Free Balloons
Subpart 33 - Aircraft Engines
Subpart 35 - Aircraft Propellers
Subpart 37 - Aircraft Appliances and Other Aeronautical Products
Subpart 41 - Airships
Subpart 51 - Aircraft Equipment
Subpart 91 - Service Difficulty Reporting
Subpart 93 - Airworthiness Directives

In addition, with publication of CAR 521, the following Chapters of the Airworthiness Manual have been withdrawn:

Chapter 511 - Approval of the Type Design of an Aeronautical Product
Chapter 513 - Approval of Modification and Repair Designs
Standard 591 - Service Difficulty Reporting
Standard 593 - Airworthiness Directives

This change amends sections 525.1 and 525.2 to reflect changes in legal drafting style, in terminology and in references required because of the introduction of CAR 521. In addition, subsection 521.31(1) of the CARs is now used to legally enable this Chapter of the AWM.

Change 525-18

Published: June 1, 2010

This Change incorporates the following amendments to the United States Code of Federal Regulations, Title 14, Chapter I, Part 25:

FAR Amendment 25-126

Effective: January 29, 2010

Table of Change Information
Notice of Proposed Amendment Amended Section(s)
  • 2009-013
  • 525.901
  • 525.905
  • 525.907

This amendment entitled "Airworthiness Standards; Propellers" addressed advances in propeller technology of the past twenty years and not previously adequately addressed in the standards. The new standards address these advances in technology and harmonize Transport Canada Civil Aviation (TCCA), Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) and European Aviation Safety Agency (EASA) propeller certification requirements, thereby simplifying airworthiness approvals for imports and exports. This amendment modifies 525.901(b), 525.905(c), 525.907(a) and (b), and adds 525.907(c).

Change 525-19

Published: December 1, 2010

This Change incorporates the following amendments to the United States Code of Federal Regulations, Title 14, Chapter I, Part 25:

FAR Amendment 25-127

Effective: June 16, 2010

Table of Change Information
Notice of Proposed Amendment Amended Section(s)
  • 2009-017
  • 525.795

This amendment entitled "Security Related Considerations in the Design and Operation of Transport Category Aeroplanes" adopts several standards of the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) and requires manufacturers to incorporate certain security features in the design of new transport category aeroplanes. Specifically, manufacturers of affected aeroplanes must design flight decks that are protected from penetration by projectiles and intrusion by unauthorized persons. The flight deck, passenger cabin and cargo compartments of these aeroplanes must be protected from the effects of detonation of an explosive or incendiary device. The rule also requires that manufacturers of new transport category aeroplanes design a "least risk bomb location" and that operators of certain existing aeroplanes designate such a location.

Change 525-20

Published: June 1, 2012

This change incorporates one correction to the Airworthiness Manual and adopts five amendments to the United States Code of Federal Regulations, Chapter I, Part 25:

Table of Change Information
Notice of Proposed Amendment Amended Section(s)
  • 2010-024
  • 525.335

This amendment makes a correction to section 525.335 of the Airworthiness Manual (AWM), which is missing text in paragraph 525.335(a)(1). The paragraph under the title of "Design Airspeed" shows the missing text incorrectly introduced at Change 525-7 published September 30, 1996. Accordingly, a correction to paragraph 525.335(a)(1) of the English version only of the AWM is presented.

FAR Amendments

FAR Technical Amendment 25-128

Effective: March 27, 2012

Correction

Table of Change Information
Notice of Proposed Amendment Amended Section(s)
  • 2010-023
  • 525.812
  • Appendix F, Part VII

This amendment corrects a number of errors in the safety standards for transport category aeroplanes. None of the changes are substantive in nature, and this amendment will not impose any additional burdens on any person affected by these regulations.

A number of unrelated errors in the safety standards for transport category aeroplanes have been brought to the attention of the FAA. Some are due to inadvertent omissions or other editing errors; others are simply typographical or printing errors.

FAR Amendment 25-130

Effective: March 27, 2012

Table of Change Information
Notice of Proposed Amendment Amended Section(s)
  • 2010-027
  • 525.1583

This NPA entitled "Manoeuvring Speed Limitation Statement" clarifies that flying at or below the design manoeuvring speed does not allow a pilot to make multiple large control inputs in one aeroplane axis or single full control inputs in more than one aeroplane axis at a time without endangering the aeroplane's structure. The FAA is issuing this final rule to prevent pilots from misunderstanding the meaning of an aeroplane's manoeuvring speed, which could cause or contribute to a future accident.

FAR Amendment 25-131

Effective: March 27, 2012

Table of Change Information
Notice of Proposed Amendment Amended Section(s)
  • 2011-012
  • 525.1322

This amendment entitled "Flight Crew Alerting" addresses the airworthiness standards for transport category aeroplanes concerning flight crew alerting. These standards update definitions, prioritization, colour requirements, and performance for flight crew alerting to reflect changes in technology and functionality. This amendment adds additional alerting functions and consolidates and standardizes definitions and regulations for flight crew warning, caution, and advisory alerting systems. This action will result in harmonized standards among Transport Canada Civil Aviation, the Federal Aviation Administration and the European Aviation Safety Agency.

FAR Amendment 25-132

Effective: March 27, 2012

Table of Change Information
Notice of Proposed Amendment Amended Section(s)
  • 2011-013
  • 525.571
  • Appendix H

This amendment entitled "Aging Airplane Program: Widespread Fatigue Damage" pertaining to certification and operation of transport category aeroplanes is to prevent widespread fatigue damage in those aeroplanes.

In an effort to prevent catastrophic events due to Widespread Fatigue Damage (WFD), new rules are being proposed that would require design approval holders to establish limits of validity of the maintenance schedule (structures aspects) on the operation of transport category aeroplanes. Design approval holders would also be required to determine if maintenance actions are required to prevent WFD before the design service goal is reached, or where the design service goal has already been reached by the high-time aeroplane, by a specified date. This change to the Airworthiness Manual requires applicants for design approvals for transport category aeroplanes to perform the following actions: Establish a limit of validity (LOV) of the engineering data that supports the structural maintenance program; demonstrate that WFD will not occur in the aeroplane prior to reaching the LOV; and establish or revise the Airworthiness Limitations section in the Instructions for Continued Airworthiness (ICA) to include the LOV.

This amendment is one of the regulatory amendments associated with implementing the Aging Aircraft Program initiatives within the Canadian Aviation Regulations and the standards of the Airworthiness Manual. Other proposed amendments will be coordinated in separate NPAs.

Change 525-21

Published: July 31, 2014

This Change incorporates the following amendments to the United States Code of Federal Regulations, Title 14, Chapter I, Part 25:

FAR Amendment 25-134

Effective: February 1, 2013

Table of Change Information
Notice of Proposed Amendment Amended Section(s)
  • 2012-009
  • 525.1316

This amendment entitled "Airworthiness Standards; Electrical and Electronic System Lightning Protection" revises the airworthiness standards applicable to transport category aeroplanes relating to lightning protection standards for electrical and electronic systems installed on aeroplanes certified under AWM Chapter 525.

This amendment establishes two levels of lightning protection for aeroplane systems based on consequences of system function failure: catastrophic consequences which would prevent continued safe flight and landing; and hazardous or major consequences which would reduce the capability of the aeroplane or the ability of the flight crew members to respond to an adverse operating condition. This standard also establishes lightning protection for aeroplane systems according to the aeroplane's potential for lightning exposure. The airworthiness standards establish consistent lightning protection requirements for aeroplane electrical and electronic systems.

FAR Amendment 25-135

Effective: February 1, 2013

Table of Change Information
Notice of Proposed Amendment Amended Section(s)
  • 2012-010
  • 525.21
  • 525.107
  • 525.177
  • 525.253

This amendment entitled "Harmonization of Various Airworthiness Standards for Transport Category Aeroplanes – Flight Rules" revises the various airworthiness standards for transport category aeroplanes. This action harmonizes the requirements for take-off speeds, static lateral-directional stability, speed increase and recovery characteristics, and the stall warning margin for the landing configuration in icing conditions with the European Aviation Safety Agency (EASA) and the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) certification standards.

During certification, applicants for a type certificate shall determine at what speed a pilot begins rotating the aeroplane to the lift-off pitch attitude during the take-off roll. This speed (VR) must be fast enough to provide a safe speed margin between the resulting lift-off speed (VLOF) and the minimum safe lift-off speed, also known as the minimum unstick speed (VMU). This amendment allows the speed margin between VLOF and VMU to be reduced, and hence VR to be reduced, for aeroplanes where the minimum value of VMU is limited by the geometry of the aeroplane (i.e., ground contact of the tail of the airframe with the runway when the aeroplane is rotated to the take-off pitch angle). Because the geometry of the aeroplane provides protection against early or over-rotation beyond the safe lift-off pitch attitude at or near VMU, VR can be reduced without lowering the level of safety. Reducing VR reduces the take-off distance needed at the same weight or allows a higher weight (e.g., capability to carry more payload or fuel) over the same take-off distance.

CFR Correction (525.509 Towing Loads)

Effective: December 8, 2013

Table of Change Information
Notice of Proposed Amendment Amended Section(s)
  • 2013-005
  • 525.509(a)(3)(ii)

This is a correction to AWM Chapter 525, section 525.509(a)(3)(ii) in the English version only, as it has appeared since the First Edition, July 1, 1986. While the Federal Register originally advised of Amendment 25-23 on 8 May 1970, Title 14 of the Code of Federal Regulations, Parts 1 to 59, as published by the National Archives and Records Administration (NARA) had an error in 14 CFR 25.509(a)(3)(ii). This error was subsequently transcribed into the publication of the AWM at the First Edition. This correction to AWM 525.509 entitled "Towing Loads" realigns the AWM with the text as laid forth by Amendment. 25-23 to 14 CFR Part 25.

Change 525-22

Published: June 30, 2015

This Change incorporates the following amendments to the United States Code of Federal Regulations, Title 14, Chapter I, Part 25:

FAR Amendment 25-124

Effective: November 30, 2014

Table of Change Information
Notice of Proposed Amendment Amended Section(s)
  • 2013-012
  • 525.1457
  • 525.1459

This amendment entitled "Cockpit Voice Recorders and Flight Data Recorders" revises the design standards of Chapter 525 of the Airworthiness Manual (AWM) by incorporating the requirements of Federal Aviation Regulation (FAR) Part 25, correction to amendment 25-124 as published in the Federal Register, Volume 74, No. 130, July 9, 2009. The Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) final rule 25-124 was published in the US Federal Register, Vol. 73, No. 46 dated March 7, 2008 with an effective date of April 7, 2008.

This amendment is based on recommendations issued by the National Transportation Safety Board following its investigations of several accidents and incidents. These changes to cockpit voice recorder (CVR) and digital flight data recorder (DFDR) systems are intended to improve the quality and quantity of information recorded, and increases the potential for retaining important information needed for accident and incident investigations.

FAR Amendment 25-129

Effective: November 30, 2014

Table of Change Information
Notice of Proposed Amendment Amended Section(s)
  • 2014-015
  • 525.143
  • 525.207
  • 525.1419
  • Appendix C

This amendment entitled "Activation of Ice Protection" amends the airworthiness standards for transport category aeroplanes with respect to timely detection and warning of icing, and the activation and automatic cycling of the Ice Protection System (IPS). Amendment 25-129 is the result of information gathered from a review of icing accidents and incidents, and is intended to increase the level of safety for aeroplanes operating in icing conditions.

This amendment revises the design standards of Chapter 525 of the Airworthiness Manual (AWM) by incorporating the requirements of the Federal Aviation Administration's (FAA's) Amendment 25-129 to 14 CFR Part 25 (commonly known as FAR Part 25), which was published in the U.S. Federal Register (Vol. 74 No. 147, 74 FR 38328) on August 3, 2009, and became effective on September 2, 2009.

Amendment 25-133

Information Note: Amendment 25-133 introduced SFAR 111, "Security Considerations for Lavatory Oxygen Systems" no action is required.

FAR Amendment 25-136

Effective: November 30, 2014

Table of Change Information
Notice of Proposed Amendment Amended Section(s)
  • 2013-011
  • 525.729
  • 525.773

The amendment entitled "Harmonization of Airworthiness Standards for Transport Category Aeroplanes—Landing Gear Retracting Mechanisms and Pilot Compartment View" revises the airworthiness standards for transport category aeroplanes for landing gear retracting mechanisms and pilot compartment view to harmonize with pre-existing, more stringent European Aviation Safety Agency (EASA) requirements and the recently amended Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) requirements. This action eliminates regulatory differences between the airworthiness standards of Canada and those of the U.S. and the European Aviation Safety Agency (EASA), without affecting current industry design practices.

For the landing gear retracting mechanism, this amendment adopts the 1-g stall speed as a reference stall speed instead of the minimum speed obtained in a stalling manoeuvre and adds an additional requirement to keep the landing gear and doors in the correct retracted position in flight. The requirements help to ensure that: (1) The landing gear is in the appropriate configuration; (2) the landing gear and its supporting structure, doors, and mechanisms operate properly; (3) the flight crew members are aware of the landing gear position status; and (4) critical equipment is protected from tire failure or excessive brake temperatures.

FAR Amendment 25-137

Effective: December 23, 2014

Table of Change Information
Notice of Proposed Amendment Amended Section(s)
  • 2014-012
  • 525.1302

This amendment entitled "Installed Systems and Equipment for Use by Flight Crew Members" revises the design standards of Chapter 525 of the Airworthiness Manual (AWM) by incorporating the requirements of Federal Aviation Regulation (FAR) Part 25, amendment 25-137 as published in the Federal Register, Volume 78, No. 86, May 3, 2013.

This amendment revises design requirements in the airworthiness standards for transport category aeroplanes to minimize the occurrence of design-related flight crew errors. The new design requirements will enable a flight crew member to detect and manage his or her errors when the errors occur. Adopting this airworthiness standard will harmonize the AWM with the airworthiness standards of the United States (U.S.) and those of the European Aviation Safety Agency (EASA) without affecting current industry design practices.

Information Note:

NPA 2007-030 with an effective date of July 16, 2007 introduced a correction to a cross reference to AWM 525.813(b)(5). The standard was revised accordingly however it was never posted in the Preamble at Change 525-14. With this publication, the Preamble will be revised to insert NPA 2007-030 at change 525-14.

 
Table of Change Information
Notice of Proposed Amendment Amended Section(s)
  • 2014-018
  • 525.795
  • 525.1450

FAR Amendment 25-138

Effective: December 23, 2014

This amendment entitled "Requirements for Chemical Oxygen Generators Installed on Transport Category Airplanes" revises the type certification requirements for transport category aeroplanes to ensure that chemical oxygen generators (COGs) are secure and not subject to misuse. These new standards pertain to new applications for type certificates, address potential security vulnerabilities with COG installations, and provide performance-based options for acceptable methods of compliance.

Where certification with supplemental oxygen equipment is requested, the equipment must meet the requirements specified in AWM 525.1441. The requirements for minimum mass flow of supplemental oxygen for each occupant and for presenting individual dispensing units to flight crew members and passengers are contained in AWM 525.1443 and 525.1447. For aeroplanes where certification is requested for operation above 25,000 feet there must be an oxygen dispensing unit connected to oxygen supply terminals immediately available to each occupant, wherever seated, and at least two oxygen dispensing units connected to oxygen terminals in each lavatory. Current standards do not require using any particular source of oxygen supply. However, chemical oxygen generators (COGs), being devices that produce oxygen by chemical reaction, have become common oxygen supplies because they are smaller, weigh less, and are easier to maintain compared to other means of supplying oxygen.

The design and installation requirements for COGs are contained in AWM 525.1450. These requirements primarily relate to protecting components surrounding the COGs from heat, marking requirements, and providing COGs with a means to relieve internal pressure. The applicable standards do not consider misuse of COGs (although COGs themselves are regulated under the Transportation of Dangerous Goods Regulations with respect to how they can be shipped).

Change 525-23

Published: July 30, 2017

This Change incorporates the following amendments to the United States Code of Federal Regulations, Title 14, Chapter I, Part 25:

FAR Amendment 25-141

Effective: June 19, 2017

Table of Change Information
Notice of Proposed Amendment Amended Section(s)
  • 2017-003
  • 525.331
  • 525.341
  • 525.343
  • 525.345
  • 525.361
  • 525.362
  • 525.371
  • 525.373
  • 525.391
  • 525.395
  • 525.415
  • 525.1517
  • Appendix G

This amendment revises the design standards of Chapter 525 of the Airworthiness Manual (AWM) for gust and manoeuvre load requirements for transport category aeroplanes through the CARAC Simplified Process to incorporate the requirements of Federal Aviation Regulation (FAR), Part 25, amendment 25-141 as published in the U.S. Federal Register (Volume 79, No. 238 FR 73462) on December 11, 2014, and became effective on February 9, 2015.

Since the publication of FAR amendment 25-141, the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) issued two (2) corrections to FAR amendment 25-141:

The first correction was issued in the Federal Register (Volume 80, No. 19, page 4761) on January 29, 2015, to correct errors in the final rule by ensuring that certain letters in the included equations have the right formatting and therefore the correct meaning.

The second correction was issued February 5, 2015 in the Federal Register (Volume 80, No. 24, page 6435) to correct three (3) errors in the Greek letters and subscripts contained in various equations in the regulatory text of section § 25.341; the corrections have been applied and completed as appropriate.

Finally, an editorial correction is made to 525.361(a)(3) to correct the font style of constant “g”, as had been misprinted since the First Edition.

This amendment revises certain airworthiness standards for transport category aeroplanes, based on recommendations from the FAA sponsored Aviation Rulemaking Advisory Committee (ARAC). This amendment eliminates regulatory differences between the airworthiness standards of the FAA and European Aviation Safety Agency (EASA). This amendment revises the pitch manoeuvre design loads criteria; revises the gust and turbulence design loads criteria; revises the application of gust loads to engine mounts, high lift devices, and other control surfaces; adds a ‘‘round-the-clock’’ discrete gust criterion and a multi-axis discrete gust criterion for aeroplanes equipped with wing-mounted engines; revises the engine torque loads criteria; adds an engine failure dynamic load condition; revises the ground gust design loads criteria; revises the criteria used to establish the rough air design speed; and requires the establishment of a rough air Mach number.

FAR Amendment 25-142

Effective: June 19, 2017

Table of Change Information
Notice of Proposed Amendment Amended Section(s)
  • 2017-002
  • 525.851
  • 525.855
  • 525.857
  • Appendix F

This amendment revises the design standards of Chapter 525 of the Airworthiness Manual (AWM) for fire extinguishers and Class B and F Cargo compartment requirements for transport category aeroplanes through the CARAC Simplified Process to incorporate the requirements of Federal Aviation Regulation (FAR), Part 25, amendment 25-142 as published in the U.S. Federal Register (Volume 81, No. 30 FR 7698) on February 16, 2016, and became effective on April 18, 2016.

This amendment modifies certain airworthiness standards for transport category aeroplanes, based on recommendations from the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) sponsored Aviation Rulemaking Advisory Committee (ARAC). This amendment modifies certain airworthiness regulations for transport category aeroplanes by upgrading fire safety standards for Class B cargo compartments; establishing fire safety standards for a new type of cargo compartment, Class F; and updating related standards for fire extinguishers. This amendment eliminates regulatory differences between the airworthiness standards of the FAA, Transport Canada Civil Aviation (TCCA) and the European Aviation Safety Agency (EASA). It does not add new requirements beyond what manufacturers currently meet for FAA and EASA certification and does not affect current industry design practices.

This amendment is based on recommendations from ARAC and the National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB), and the changes address designs for which airworthiness directives (ADs) have been issued by the FAA and the French civil aviation authority, Direction Générale de l’Aviation Civile (DGAC).

FAR Amendment 25-143

Effective: June 19, 2017

Table of Change Information
Notice of Proposed Amendment Amended Section(s)
  • 2017-001
  • 525.975

This amendment revises the design standards of Chapter 525 of the Airworthiness Manual (AWM) for fuel tank vent fire protection for transport category aeroplanes through the CARAC Simplified Process to incorporate the requirements of amendment No. 25-143 of Title 14, Code of Federal Regulations Part 25 (14 CFR Part 25) as published by the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) in the U.S. Federal Register (Volume 81, No. 122 FR 41200) on June 24, 2016, and which became effective on August 23, 2016. The FAA originally published this amendment as No. 25-142 on June 24, 2016; it was subsequently corrected to amendment No. 25-143 on July 26, 2016 as published in the Federal Register.

This amendment modifies certain airworthiness standards for transport category aeroplanes, based on recommendations from the FAA sponsored Aviation Rulemaking Advisory Committee (ARAC). This amendment modifies airworthiness standards for transport category aeroplanes by upgrading the fuel tank designs requirements to prevent a fuel tank explosion caused by the propagation of flames, from external fires, through the fuel tank vents. This amendment requires a delay of two minutes and thirty seconds between exposure of external fuel tank vents to ignition sources and explosions caused by propagation of flames into the fuel tank, thus increasing the time available for passenger evacuation and emergency response. These changes apply to applications for new type certificates and certain applications for amended or supplemental type certificates.

Change 525-24

Published: October 3, 2019

This Change incorporates the following amendments to the United States Code of Federal Regulations, Title 14, Chapter I, Part 25:

FAR Amendment 25-144

Effective: August 15, 2019

Table of Change Information
Notice of Proposed Amendment Amended Section(s)
  • 2019-007
  • 525.773

This amendment entitled Pilot Compartment View amends the design standards of this chapter by incorporating the requirements of amendment 25-144 to Federal Aviation Regulations (FAR), Part 25, as published in the Federal Register, Volume 81, No. 239, on December 13, 2016.

This amendment revises the airworthiness standards for pilot compartment view by adding requirements for vision systems using a transparent display surface located in the pilot’s outside field of view, such as a head-up display, head mounted display, or other equivalent display. Prior to this amendment, there was no airworthiness standards for the use of such systems, including Enhanced Flight Vision Systems (EFVS).

FAR Amendment 25-120

Effective: August 25, 2019

Table of Change Information
Notice of Proposed Amendment Amended Section(s)
  • 2019-012
  • 525.3
  • 525.1535
  • Appendix K

This amendment entitled Extended Operations (ETOPS) of Multi-Engine Aeroplanes amends the design standards of Chapter 525 of the Airworthiness Manual (AWM) by incorporating the requirements of Federal Aviation Regulation (FAR), Part 25, as published in the U.S. Federal Register (Vol. 72 No. 9, 72 FR 1808) on January 16, 2007 as corrected by Final Rule, Correction, as published on February 15, 2007 (72 FR 7346).

This amendment revises the airworthiness standards for ETOPS by introducing new design standards of airworthiness for multi-engine transport category aeroplanes that are intended to be operated on flights that fly long distances from an adequate airport. Prior to this amendment, there were no airworthiness standards for Extended Operations (ETOPS).

Change 525-25

Published: December 11, 2019

This Change incorporates the following amendments to the United States Code of Federal Regulations, Title 14, Chapter I, Part 25:

FAR Amendment 25-139

Effective: November 1, 2019

Table of Change Information
Notice of Proposed Amendment Amended Section(s)
  • 2019-016
  • 525.307
  • 525.621
  • 525.683
  • 525.721
  • 525.787
  • 525.963
  • 525.994

This amendment entitled Harmonization of Airworthiness Standards — Miscellaneous Structures Requirements amends the design standards of Airworthiness Manual (AWM) Chapter 525 by incorporating the requirements of Federal Aviation Regulation (FAR), Part 25, Amendment No. 25-139 as published on October 2, 2014 in the Federal Register, Volume 79, No. 191 [79 FR 59423].

This change harmonizes the standards of airworthiness of Transport Canada with those of the FAA and EASA in the affected AWM Chapter 525 sections. It revises the structural test requirements necessary when analysis has not been found reliable; clarifies the quality control, inspection, and testing requirements for critical and non-critical castings; adds control system requirements that consider structural deflection and vibration loads; expands the fuel tank structural and system requirements regarding emergency landing conditions and landing gear failure conditions; adds a requirement that engine mount failure due to overload must not cause hazardous fuel spillage; and revises the inertia forces requirements for cargo compartments by removing the exclusion of compartments located below or forward of all occupants in the aeroplane.

Last amendment to chapter: 2021/04/08

Preamble

[...]

Change 525-26

Published: July 13, 2020

This Change incorporates the following amendment to the United States Code of Federal Regulations, Title 14, Chapter I, Part 25:

FAR Amendment 25-145

Effective: January 14, 2020

Table of Change Information
Notice(s) of Proposed Amendment Amended Section(s)
  • 2019-017
  • 525.795

This amendment entitled “Documentation references changes" amends the design standards of Airworthiness Manual (AWM) Chapter 525 by incorporating the requirements of Federal Aviation Regulations (FAR), Part 25, Amendment No. 25-145 as published on March 5, 2018 in the U.S. Federal Register, Volume 83, No. 43 [83 FR 9162].

FAR Amendment 25-146

Effective: January 14, 2020

Table of Change Information
Notice(s) of Proposed Amendment Amended Section(s)
  • 2019-018
  • 525.954
  • 525.981
  • Appendix H25.4

This amendment entitled “Transport Aeroplane Fuel Tank and System Lightning Protection" amends the design standards of Airworthiness Manual (AWM) Chapter 525 by incorporating the requirements of Federal Aviation Regulations (FAR), Part 25, Amendment No. 25-146 as published on September 20, 2018 in the U.S. Federal Register, Volume 83, No. 183 [83 FR 47548].

Change 525-27

Published: August 4, 2021

This Change incorporates the following amendment to the United States Code of Federal Regulations, Title 14, Chapter I, Part 25:

FAR Amendment 25-140

Effective: April 8, 2021

Table of Change Information
Notice(s) of Proposed Amendment Amended Section(s)
  • 2020-017
  • 525.21
  • 525.105
  • 525.111
  • 525.119
  • 525.121
  • 525.123
  • 525.125
  • 525.143
  • 525.207
  • 525.237
  • 525.253
  • 525.773
  • 525.903
  • 525.929
  • 525.1093
  • 525.1323
  • 525.1324
  • 525.1325
  • 525.1420
  • 525.1521
  • 525.1533
  • Appendix C
  • Appendix O

This amendment entitled “Aeroplane and Engine Certification Requirements in Supercooled Large Drop, Mixed Phase, and Ice Crystal Icing Conditions” amends the design standards of Airworthiness Manual (AWM) Chapter 525 by incorporating the requirements of Federal Aviation Regulations (FAR), Part 25, Amendment No. 25-140 as published on November 4, 2014 in the U.S. Federal Register, Volume 79, No. 213 [79 FR 65508].

This amendment revises the airworthiness standards for Aeroplane Icing Conditions by introducing new design standards of airworthiness for certain transport category aeroplanes certified for flight in icing conditions. These standards would improve safety by addressing supercooled large drop (SLD) icing conditions for transport category aeroplane most affected by these icing conditions; mixed phase and ice crystal conditions for airspeed indicating systems, angle of attack systems and turbine engine induction systems for all transport category aeroplanes.

Change 525-28
Published: August 21, 2023

This Change incorporates the following amendments to the United States Code of Federal Regulations, Title 14, Chapter I, Part 25:

FAR Amendment 25-147
Effective: September 2, 2023
Table of Change Information
Notice(s) of Proposed Amendment Amended Section(s)
  • 2023-007
  • 525.353

This amendment entitled Yaw Manoeuvre Conditions-Rudder Reversals amends the design standards of Chapter 525 of the Airworthiness Manual (AWM) by incorporating the requirements of Federal Aviation Regulation (FAR), Part 25, as published in the U.S. Federal Register Vol. 87 No. 224, (87 FR 71203) on November 22, 2022.

This amendment revises the airworthiness standards adding a new load condition resulting from rapid reversals of the rudder.

FAR Amendment 25-148
Effective: September 2, 2023
Table of Change Information
Notice(s) of Proposed Amendment Amended Section(s)
  • 2023-008
  • 525.535
  • 525.571
  • 525.903

This amendment entitled Miscellaneous Amendments amends the design standards of Chapter 525 of the Airworthiness Manual (AWM) by incorporating the requirements of Federal Aviation Regulation (FAR), Part 25, as published in the U.S. Federal Register Vol. 87 No. 236, (87 FR 75704) on December 09, 2022 and corrected by Final Rule, Correction, as published on January 18, 2023 (88 FR 2813).

This amendment revises the airworthiness standards with administrative amendments containing corrections to address typographical errors, editorial errors, and outdated or incorrect references.

Change 525-29

Published: February 22, 2024

This change incorporates the following amendment to the United States Code of Federal Regulation, Title 14 (14 CFR), Chapter I, Subchapter C, Part 25:

Amendment 25-149

Effective: February 22, 2024

Table of Change Information
Notice of Proposed Amendment Amended Section(s)

2023-017

  • 525.365

Amendment 25-149 entitle Decompression Criteria for Interior Compartments was published in the Federal Register, Volume 88, No. 113, on June 13, 2023.

The amendment incorporated by this Change updates the standards for pressurised compartment loads such that partitions located adjacent to a decompression hole need not be designed to withstand a certain decompression condition.

In addition, this Change removes the adjective “approved” before “operating altitude” in paragraph 525.365(e), which was incorrectly added in Change 525-3, and correct the definition of Ho, which was changed on 14 CFR part 25 Amdt. 25-71 but overlooked when incorporating that amendment.  Also, this Change corrects text format, pressure vessel opening formula notation and spelling in paragraph 525.365(e)(2). In the French version, this Change aligns the French text in paragraph 565.365(e)(2) with the source code and English version.