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6. STCW Basic Safety

STCW Basic Safety

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10.1 General

1. This course meets the requirements of STCW Convention Regulation VI/1 and STCW Code Tables VI/1-1 through VI/1-4, Basic Safety Training for Seafarers.
2. STCW Code Table VI/1-3 specifies the minimum standard of competence in elementary first aid. Therefore presentation of a valid certificate of completion of the Marine Basic First Aid course is required before the school can issue an STCW Basic Safety Training certificate.

10.2 Equipment requirements

1. One portable lifeboat or rescue boat;
2. One inflatable life raft (Minimum 4 persons) with equipment, including emergency position-indicating radio beacon (EPIRB);
3. An approved lifejacket for each participant;
4. A complete firefighter’s suit for each participant;
5. A variety of immersion suits for 100% of the participants;
6. Two approved life buoys, one with a line and the other with an approved light and buoyant smoke signal;
7. One rescue sling;
8. One rescue blanket;
9. Training models of luffing, gravity and single arm davits and marine evacuation systems (may be replaced by audio-visual presentation);
10. A variety of hand flares, parachute rockets and day smoke signals;
11. Two portable 2-way radiotelephones approved for use in survival craft;
12. One demonstration Class 1 EPIRB;
13. One demonstration search and rescue transponder (SART);
14. Instructional models and audiovisual facilities;
15. Access to swimming pool with facilities to jump from a height of 3 metres, showers, changing rooms and drying room for wet gear;
16. Visual or audio-visual presentation on:
    1. totally enclosed motor propelled survival craft (TEMPSC),
    2. partially enclosed lifeboat,
    3. open lifeboat,
    4. fast rescue craft (FRC),
    5. emergency multiple person rescue apparatus (EMPRA),
    6. hypothermia, its effects and ways of overcoming it;
17. A two-storey steel vessel mock-up, rectangular in shape and measuring approximately 11m x 6m. The mock-up is to be divided into compartments such as cabins, corridors, open rooms, an electric switchboard room, an engine room with a grating floor, and connecting doors, so as to expose participants in a realistic manner to shipboard fires. Means shall also be provided to teach participants how to use escape ladders and hatchways and how to effectively cope with engine-room fires. There must be an efficient communication system whereby commands from a command post can be relayed to participants at the emergency locations within the mock-up;
18. A fire box with an open top and with its front divided into compartments, in which the three types of fire can be lit and extinguished by the participants. Alternatively, steel trays approximately 1m x 1m x .3m high with a raised back plate can be used;
19. A steel or open concrete pit approximately 2.5m x 2.5m x .3m for simulating large oil fires;
20. Means of simulating engine-room bilge oil fires;
21. Steel trays for containing fires;
22. One smoke generator;
23. Two fire hydrants with two outlets each, with keys and bars to operate the hydrant supply;
24. A large supply of carbonaceous matter and hydrocarbons (wood, diesel and lubricating oils, etc.) for the fire trays;
25. Six fire hoses (65 mm in diameter);
26. Eight fire hoses (38 mm in diameter);
27. Six fire nozzles (2 standard, 2 diffuser, 2 jetspray);
28. Sufficient hoses and water pressure to supply a minimum of 3 (38 mm ) nozzles at each live fire location;
29. One generator of high-expansion foam, and foam compound;
30. Two mechanical foam branches;
31. One international shore connection;
32. Thirty sets of protective clothing, overalls, gloves, fire boots, helmets, and rain-proof clothing;
33. Twenty-five sets of self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA) with visor and neck protector, complete with spare cylinders, spare parts and maintenance tools including sets for instructors only;
34. Facilities and equipment for cleaning, inspection and maintenance of SCBA after use;
35. Portable extinguishers with refills:
    1. Six water (9 litres),
    2. Six foam (9 litres),
    3. Six carbon dioxide (5 kilograms),
    4. Twelve dry powder (10 kilograms).

10.3 Duration

43 hours.

10.4 Specific instructor qualifications

The main course instructor must hold a Master certificate not lower than a Master 500 Gross Tonnage, Near Coastal certificate, a Fishing Master, First Class certificate or a Third-Class Engineer certificate. If the course is under the supervision of more than one instructor, the assistant instructors must hold qualifications related to the marine industry or have related skills and be approved in accordance with the Quality Management Manual – Marine Personnel Standards and Pilotage referred to in Chapter 3.

10.5 Outline

1. Introduction and Safety

Lecture: 0.5 hours

2. Hazards, Emergencies and Pollution Prevention

Lecture: 2.5 hours

3. Firefighting Theory

Lecture: 2.0 hours

4. Fire Control Aboard Vessels

Lecture: 1.0 hour

5. Shipboard Firefighting Organization

Lecture: 1.5 hours

6. On-board Training and Practical Firefighting

Lecture: 5.0 hours
Practical: 14.0 hours

7. Use and Care of Firefighting Equipment

Lecture: 2.0 hours

8. Lifesaving Equipment and Abandonment

Lecture: 2.5 hours
Practical: 2.5 hours

9. Survival

Lecture: 2.0 hours
Practical: 1.0 hour

10. Communications

Lecture: 1.0 hour

11. Rescue

Lecture: 0.5 hours
Practical: 0.5 hours

12. Safe Working Practices

Lecture: 0.75 hours

13. Effective Human Relationships on Board Vessels

Lecture: 0.75 hours

14. Practical Exercises and Evaluation

Lecture: 1.0 hour
Practical: 2.0 hours

Sub-total

Total Lecture: 21.0 hours
Total Practical: 22.0 hours
Total : 43.0 hours

10.6 Syllabus

1. Introduction, Safety and Principles

Lecture: 0.5 hours

• 1.1 Introduction
• 1.2 Safety during the course
  • .1 safety rules laid down by the instructor must be followed at all times
  • .2 when we are handling actual equipment, such as pyrotechnics, all safety precautions must be adhered to
  • .3 because we are simulating incidents in the actual environment, particular care must be exercised at all times

2. Hazards, Emergencies and Pollution Prevention

Lecture: 2.5 hours

• 2.1 Types of emergencies
  • .1 emergencies associated with the marine environment:
    • fire
    • collision
    • stranding
    • explosion
    • icing
    • equipment failure
    • capsizing
    • weather conditions
    • flooding
    • person overboard
  • .2 medical emergencies
• 2.2 Problems and effects
  • .1 particular problems associated with emergencies listed in 2.1.1
• 2.3 Principles of safety on board vessels
  • .1 principles of survival in relation to shipboard emergencies, including:
    • fire theory and fire precautions
    • regular training and drills
    • preparedness for any emergency
    • escape routes
    • regular inspection and maintenance of:
    • fire detection equipment
    • firefighting equipment
    • firefighter's outfits and breathing apparatus
    • personal survival equipment
    • shipboard lifesaving equipment
    • communications equipment
• 2.4 Pollution prevention
  • .1 shipboard duties in relation to prevention of pollution from the vessel
  • .2 shipboard emergency response plans

3. Firefighting Theory

Lecture: 2.0 hours

• 3.1 Conditions for fires
  • .1 conditions for fire to occur
  • .2 how the three conditions can be represented as a triangle (the fire triangle)
  • .3 how the addition of a "chain reaction", forming a square or a tetrahedron, represents a continuously burning fire
• 3.2 Principles of firefighting
  • .1 removal of one of the sides of the fire tetrahedron
  • .2 use of water as a firefighting medium
  • .3 dangers of using water in certain circumstances
  • .4 use of carbon dioxide as a firefighting medium
  • .5 use of halon or alternatives as a firefighting medium
  • .6 use of foam as a firefighting medium
  • .7 use of chemical powder as firefighting medium
  • .8 importance of cutting off the fuel supply in certain situations
  • .9 ways of cutting off the supply of fuel
  • .10 importance of controlling the ingress of air and ways of doing so
• 3.3 Properties of flammable materials
  • .1 definitions:
    • flammability
    • ignition point
    • burning temperature
    • burning speed
    • thermal value
    • lower flammable limit (LFL)
    • upper flammable limit (UFL)
    • flammable range
    • flashpoint
    • auto-ignition
  • .2 examples of how static electricity can occur
  • .3 reactivity
  • .4 ignition sources
• 3.4 Fire hazard and spread of fire
  • .1 heat flow
    • conduction
    • radiation
    • convection currents
  • .2 spread of fire as result of equalization in temperature between fire and surroundings, through the above methods
  • .3 examples of each method of propagation
  • .4 fire hazards in the engine-room
  • .5 fire hazards in the galley
  • .6 fire hazards in accommodation
  • .7 fire hazards from cargoes
  • .8 fire hazards from smokers
  • .9 four phases of fire development:
    • ignition (incipient fire)
    • developing (surface fire)
    • absolute fire (fire in depth in solids)
    • burning out
  • .10 temperature of a normal fire, such as a coal, wood or hydrocarbon fire, and temperature of burning metals
  • .11 effect of temperature rise on the rate of the chain reaction, i.e. fire intensity
• 3.5 Classification of fires and appropriate extinguishing agents
  • .1 classification letters (of one or both systems of classification) and appropriate extinguishing agents
  • .2 the need to know which system of classification has been used by the manufacturer of an extinguisher and the importance of heeding diagrammatic or written warnings of the types of fire for which it is unsuitable
  • .3 importance of selecting suitable extinguisher to fight a fire in energized electrical equipment because using some extinguishers marked as suitable for Type C fires (ISO classification) could result in electrocution of the operator or of personnel nearby, whereas all extinguishers marked as suitable for class C fires (NFPA classification) are suitable for electrical fires.

4. Fire Control Aboard Vessels

Lecture: 1.0 hour

• 4.1 Areas of fire hazard
  • .1 causes, and methods of detecting, containing and extinguishing fires in:
    • machinery spaces
    • accommodation
    • galley spaces
    • radio room, battery room and other electrical equipment spaces
    • holds and containers
    • spaces containing flammable stores
• 4.2 Fire precautions
  • .1 structural fire protection provisions
  • .2 firefighting equipment and systems and their distribution and quantity
  • .3 fire safety procedures
  • .4 precautions for storage of flammable stores
  • .5 procedures to be observed when a vessel is in dry dock for repairs

5. Shipboard Firefighting Organization

Lecture: 1.5 hours

• 5.1 Basic knowledge of vessel organization during a fire, sufficient for crew member who is part of fire team
  • .1 central control station is on the bridge; master is in charge and fire officer(s) reports to bridge and receives instructions
  • .2 information required by central control station
  • .3 information which must be available to central control station
  • .4 methods of communicating with central control station
  • .5 methods of damage control and containment of fires, including:
    • closing, manually or from the bridge, of watertight and fire doors
    • stopping of ventilation fans and closing of dampers
    • closing of all windows and portholes in accommodation, galley and other spaces
    • turning the vessel to give best position relative to wind direction for fighting the fire
    • cooling boundary bulkheads
    • using fire blankets as necessary
    • maintaining a fire watch after the fire is extinguished
  • .6 organization of emergency parties, including:
    • how each emergency party is identified
    • how each member of an emergency party is identified and the safeguards for keeping in contact with each person and monitoring his position
    • the duties of each emergency party, including:
    • reconnaissance team, equipped with portable fire extinguishers
    • fire hose team(s)
    • help, search and first aid team
    • engine-room team
    • bridge team
    • lifeboat/raft team
  • .7 awareness of possible detrimental effect of extinguishing water on stability

6. On-board Training and Practical Firefighting

Lecture: 5.0 hours
Practical: 14.0 hours

• 6.1 On-board training
  • .1 upon joining a vessel, crew members must receive instruction on emergency procedures and be trained in the use of the vessel’s firefighting equipment, paying particular attention to:
    • the location and use of portable and mobile fire extinguishers
    • the location and use of fixed firefighting equipment
    • the location and use of firefighter's outfits, including compressed air breathing apparatus
  • .2 upon joining a vessel, members of emergency parties must receive training in:
    • the duties of each party to which a crew member may be assigned
    • the duties of each member of a party and how these duties are allocated
    • other duties to make each party proficient, including first aid and other emergency duties
  • .3 crew members who operate a fire patrol system must receive training to ensure that they are familiar with the arrangements of the vessel, including:
    • manually operated call points
    • fixed fire-detection and alarm system
    • telephones
    • portable fire extinguishers and their limitations
    • hydrants, hoses and nozzles
  • .4 that crew members must receive ongoing training in the form of realistic but safe fire and emergency drills held in various areas of the vessel, including training in:
    • manually operating watertight doors
    • moving and finding one’s way in spaces with restricted visibility
    • moving through small apertures
    • finding and removing casualties
    • using compressed-air breathing apparatus and firefighter's outfits
    • fighting mock fires in machinery spaces, accommodation spaces, galley, deck containers and cargo spaces
• 6.2 Practical firefighting
  Knowledge of the function of the following equipment and an ability to:
  • .1 use portable fire extinguishers, including:
    • water
    • foam
    • dry chemical
    • carbon dioxide
    • halon or alternate agent
  • .2 use mobile fire extinguishers, including:
    • foam
    • dry chemical
    • carbon dioxide
  • .3 use fixed fire equipment, including:
    • fire hydrants, hoses and nozzles
    • water sprinklers and water sprays
    • foam system
  • .4 don firefighter's outfit, including:
    • protective clothing
    • breathing apparatus, including check on its operation and air supply
    • lifeline, including knowledge and use of signaling codes
  • .5 perform general functions, including:
    • starting emergency fire pumps
    • opening and closing valves, remote shutoffs and ventilation
    • identifying emergency controls and their function
  • .6 move through spaces in firefighter's outfit and breathing apparatus, in low visibility, and conduct rescue
  • .7 participate in a team to fight fires in the mock-up, using fire hose and nozzles, including:
    • small fires
    • extensive fires
    • fighting fires with foam

7. Use and Care of Firefighting Equipment

Lecture: 2.0 hours

• .1 proper stowage of firefighter's outfits after use to ensure they are ready to use again, including replacement of air cylinders and reporting of defects
• .2 proper stowage of firefighting equipment after use and reporting of defects

8. Lifesaving Equipment and Abandonment

Lecture: 2.5 hours
Practical: 2.5 hours

• 8.1 Lifejackets
  • .1 what is a standard approved lifejacket
  • .2 number of lifejackets required on a vessel
  • .3 proper method of donning a lifejacket and use of attachments
  • .4 entering water from a height and swimming while wearing a lifejacket
  • .5 care and stowage
• 8.2 Immersion suits
  • .1 qualities of an immersion suit
  • .2 proper procedure for donning suit in darkness, and with necessary speed, and use of attachments
  • .3 entering water from a height and swimming while wearing an immersion suit
  • .4 care and stowage
• 8.3 Life buoys
  • .1 number of life buoys required on a vessel
  • .2 markings, colour, vessel name, retro-reflective tape
  • .3 lights and smoke signals
  • .4 how to correctly use a life buoy (throwing, entering and securing in it while in the water and waiting for rescue)
  • .5 care and stowage
• 8.4 Survival craft and equipment
  • .1 basic types and qualities of a life raft
  • .2 stowage and releasing mechanism
  • .3 how to correctly launch an inflatable life raft
  • .4 boarding the life raft from the water
  • .5 the survival pack and how to use it
  • .6 proper righting procedure
  • .7 care and stowage
  • .8 manoeuvring a life raft and setting the anchor to reduce drift
• 8.5 Survival craft launching devices
  • .1 characteristics and operation of luffing, gravity and single arm davits
  • .2 marine evacuation systems
  • .3 characteristics and operations of TEMPSC, enclosed lifeboat, open lifeboat and inflatable life raft

9. Survival (3 hours)

Lecture: 2.0 hours
Practical: 1.0 hour

• 9.1 Survival factors
  • .1 how each factor affects human response and performance in a survival situation
  • .2 medical aspects of survival, including thermal balance, water balance and energy balance
• 9.2 Actions to increase chances of survival and rescue
  • .1 need to stay together in the water
  • .2 Heat Escape Lessening Posture (HELP)
  • .3 how to swim as a group in a chain
  • .4 how to form a huddle in the water
  • .5 dangers of cold water shock and swimming failure
  • .6 dangers of hypothermia: prevention, recognition and treatment
  • .7 stay near spot where vessel went down and stream the sea anchor
• 9.3 Actions taken in a survival craft after abandoning vessel
  • .1 action to take after leaving the vessel in an enclosed lifeboat
  • .2 action to take after leaving the vessel in an open lifeboat
  • .3 action to take after leaving the vessel in an inflatable life raft

10. Communications

Lecture: 1.0 hour

• 10.1 Recognition and operation of signalling devices & pyrotechnics
  • .1 daylight signalling mirror (heliograph)
  • .2 signalling flashlight
  • .3 classes of flare, their characteristics and the circumstances in which each is to be used
  • .4 hand flares
  • .5 parachute rockets
  • .6 markings on flares
  • .7 expiry dates
  • .8 care and stowage of flares
• 10.2 Radio communication equipment
  • .1 Use of:
    • EPIRBs
    • SARTs
    • Global Marine Distress and Safety System (GMDSS) VHF portable radios

11. Rescue

Lecture: 0.5 hours
Practical: 0.5 hours

• 11.1 Rescue by civilian or military personnel
  • .1 description and use of:
    • sling
    • basket
    • net
    • litter
  • 11.2 Rescue equipment
    • .1 use of rescue sling
    • .2 use of rescue basket
  • 11.3 Helicopter rescue
    • .1 action to be taken aboard a vessel
    • .2 action to be taken aboard a raft
    • .3 lifting appliances
    • .4 safety procedures aboard the helicopter

12. Safe Working Practices

Lecture: 0.75 hours

• 12.1 Potential hazards
  • .1 lifting appliances, other equipment and moving machinery parts
  • .2 unsafe work area, including slippery decks
  • .3 enclosed spaces/holds, tanks and other compartments
  • .4 hot work operations, fire prevention and protection
  • .5 scaffolds and stages
  • .6 ladders and gangways
  • .7 electric equipment, bright lights and noise
  • .8 ineffective safeguards or safety devices
  • .9 pressure vessels
  • .10 obstructed emergency exit
• 12.2 Protective equipment and devices
  • .1 personal protective equipment
  • .2 notices and signs
  • .3 fitting of guards on fixed and mobile equipment
  • .4 audible warning devices
• 12.3 Employer’s responsibilities
  • .1 provide safe work environment
  • .2 adopt preventive procedures
  • .3 ensure compliance with safe working practices
  • .4 have periodic inspections by qualified persons
  • .5 provide approved safety equipment and ensure its use
• 12.4 Employees’ responsibilities
  • .1 acquire knowledge and familiarity with equipment
  • .2 follow instructions
  • .3 obey orders
  • .4 report substandard and dangerous equipment and procedures

13. Effective Human Relationships on Board Vessels

Lecture: 0.75 hours

• 13.1 Good human and working relationships
  • .1 social responsibilities
  • .2 employment conditions
  • .3 individuals rights
  • .4 obeying orders of superiors
• 13.2 Drug and alcohol abuse
  • .1 dangers
  • .2 symptoms
  • .3 awareness and actions to be taken

14. Practical Exercises and Evaluation

Lecture: 1.0 hour
Practical: 2.0 hours

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Date modified:

2010-01-19

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